南亚 19643 名青少年的控烟行动和当前吸烟情况：来自全球青少年烟草调查的结果。
Anti-smoking initiatives and current smoking among 19,643 adolescents in South Asia: findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey.
机构信息
School of Public Health, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan.
出版信息
Harm Reduct J. 2014 Feb 25;11:8. doi: 10.1186/1477-7517-11-8.
BACKGROUND
Cigarette smoking habit usually begins in adolescence. The developing countries in South Asia like Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, and Nepal, where the largest segment of the population is comprised of adolescents, are more susceptible to smoking epidemic and its consequences. Therefore, it is important to identify the association between anti-smoking initiatives and current smoking status in order to design effective interventions to curtail the smoking epidemic in this region.
METHODS
This is a secondary analysis of national data from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in Pakistan (year 2003), India (year 2006), Bangladesh (year 2007), and Nepal (year 2007). GYTS is a school-based survey of students targeting adolescents of age 13-15 years. We examined the association of different ways of delivering anti-smoking messages with students' current smoking status.
RESULTS
A total of 19,643 schoolchildren were included in this study. The prevalence of current smoking was 5.4% with male predominance. No exposure to school teachings, family discussions regarding smoking hazards, and anti-smoking media messages was significantly associated with current smoking among male students. Participants who were deprived of family discussion regarding smoking hazards (girls: odds ratio (OR) 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84-2.89, p value 0.152; boys: OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.04-1.80, p value 0.025), those who had not seen media messages (girls: OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.58-5.28, p value <0.001; boys: OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.91-1.88, p value 0.134), and those who were not taught the harmful effects of smoking at school (girls: OR 2.00, 95% CI 0.95-4.21, p value 0.066; boys: OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.44-2.48, p value <0.001) had higher odds of being current smokers after multivariate adjustment.
CONCLUSION
School-going adolescents in South Asia (Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bangladesh) who were not exposed to anti-tobacco media messages or were not taught about the harmful effects in school or at home had higher odds of being current smokers than their counterparts.
背景
吸烟习惯通常始于青少年时期。南亚国家（如巴基斯坦、印度、孟加拉国和尼泊尔）的人口大部分由青少年构成，因此更容易受到吸烟流行及其后果的影响。因此，确定反吸烟倡议与当前吸烟状况之间的关联非常重要，以便为遏制该地区的吸烟流行设计有效的干预措施。
方法
这是对在巴基斯坦（2003 年）、印度（2006 年）、孟加拉国（2007 年）和尼泊尔（2007 年）进行的全球青年烟草调查（GYTS）的国家数据进行的二次分析。GYTS 是一项针对年龄在 13-15 岁之间的青少年的基于学校的学生调查。我们研究了传递反吸烟信息的不同方式与学生当前吸烟状况之间的关联。
结果
共有 19643 名学童参加了这项研究。当前吸烟的流行率为 5.4%，男性居多。男生中，未接受学校教学、家庭讨论吸烟危害以及反吸烟媒体信息，与当前吸烟显著相关。被剥夺家庭讨论吸烟危害的参与者（女生：比值比（OR）1.56，95%置信区间（CI）0.84-2.89，p 值 0.152；男生：OR 1.37，95%CI 1.04-1.80，p 值 0.025），未看到媒体信息的参与者（女生：OR 2.89，95%CI 1.58-5.28，p 值 <0.001；男生：OR 1.32，95%CI 0.91-1.88，p 值 0.134），以及未在学校接受吸烟危害教学的参与者（女生：OR 2.00，95%CI 0.95-4.21，p 值 0.066；男生：OR 1.89，95%CI 1.44-2.48，p 值 <0.001），在多变量调整后，成为当前吸烟者的可能性更高。
结论
南亚（巴基斯坦、印度、尼泊尔和孟加拉国）在校青少年如果没有接触过反烟草媒体信息，或者没有在学校或家中接受有关吸烟危害的教育，那么他们成为当前吸烟者的可能性高于其他同龄人。
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