Liao Li-Zhen, Chen Zhi-Chong, Li Wei-Dong, Zhuang Xiao-Dong, Liao Xin-Xue
Department ofHealth, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong Province, China.
Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
World J Diabetes. 2021 Mar 15;12(3):261-277. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i3.261.
The causality between education and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) remains unclear.
To identify the causality between education and T2DM and the potential metabolic risk factors [coronary heart disease (CHD), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides (TG), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting insulin, fasting glucose, and glycated hemoglobin] from summarized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data used a network Mendelian randomization (MR).
Two-sample MR and network MR were performed to obtain the causality between education-T2DM, education-mediator, and mediator-T2DM. Summary statistics from the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium (discovery data) and Neale Lab consortium (replication data) were used for education and DIAGRAMplusMetabochip for T2DM.
The odds ratio for T2DM was 0.392 (95%CI: 0.263-0.583) per standard deviation increase (3.6 years) in education by the inverse variance weighted method, without heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. Education was genetically associated with CHD, TG, BMI, WC, and WHR in the discovery phase, yet only the results for CHD, BMI, and WC were replicated in the replication data. Moreover, BMI was genetically associated with T2DM.
Short education was found to be associated with an increased T2DM risk. BMI might serve as a potential mediator between them.
教育与2型糖尿病（T2DM）之间的因果关系仍不明确。
利用汇总的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）数据，通过网络孟德尔随机化（MR）确定教育与T2DM之间的因果关系以及潜在的代谢风险因素[冠心病（CHD）、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯（TG）、体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰臀比（WHR）、空腹胰岛素、空腹血糖和糖化血红蛋白]。
进行两样本MR和网络MR，以获得教育-T2DM、教育-中介因素和中介因素-T2DM之间的因果关系。来自社会科学遗传关联联盟（发现数据）和尼尔实验室联盟（复制数据）的汇总统计数据用于教育，而T2DM则使用DIAGRAMplus代谢芯片数据。
通过逆方差加权法，教育程度每增加一个标准差（3.6年），T2DM的比值比为0.392（95%CI：0.263-0.583），无异质性或水平多效性。在发现阶段，教育与CHD、TG、BMI、WC和WHR存在遗传关联，但只有CHD、BMI和WC的结果在复制数据中得到了验证。此外，BMI与T2DM存在遗传关联。
发现受教育年限短与T2DM风险增加有关。BMI可能是它们之间的潜在中介因素。
