Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy.
Unione Italiana Vini, Verona, Italy.
J Appl Microbiol. 2021 Oct;131(4):1932-1941. doi: 10.1111/jam.15083. Epub 2021 Apr 3.
The characterization of grape and apple yeasts was carried out to investigate the ecology of basidiomycetes associated with crop environment and fermenting juice.
A total of 15 basidiomycetous strains were analysed for plant-growth promoting properties, sensitivity to fungicides and features related to their survival in fermenting juice (low pH, SO and ethanol sensitivity). Only one strain displayed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity, whereas other strains were able to produce ammonia and indole-3-acetic acid, solubilize calcium phosphate, and display catalase activity and antagonism against Botrytis cinerea. Strains presented great variability in their sensitivity to fungicides. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Yl26 and Sporobolomyces agrorum PYCC 8108 displayed low sensitivity to all fungicides, with high tolerance to SO and ethanol, and were able to survive in fermenting grape and apple juice.
This study revealed the diversity of basidiomycetous yeasts in the important physiological traits that affect their growth, either in the crop environment or in fermenting juice.
Identify the possibility of selective effects of fungicide treatments on basidiomycetous yeasts that could offer benefits for grapevines and apple trees, as well as the survival of strains that are better adapted to fermenting juice and that potentially have a role in the aroma of beverages.
为了研究与作物环境和发酵果汁相关的担子菌的生态学，对葡萄和苹果酵母进行了特征描述。
分析了总共 15 株担子菌，以研究其促进植物生长的特性、对杀菌剂的敏感性以及在发酵果汁（低 pH 值、SO 和乙醇敏感性）中存活的相关特征。只有一株菌株表现出 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶活性，而其他菌株能够产生氨和吲哚-3-乙酸、溶解磷酸钙、具有过氧化氢酶活性，并对 Botrytis cinerea 表现出拮抗作用。菌株对杀菌剂的敏感性存在很大差异。Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Yl26 和 Sporobolomyces agrorum PYCC 8108 对所有杀菌剂的敏感性较低，对 SO 和乙醇的耐受性较高，并且能够在发酵的葡萄和苹果汁中存活。
本研究揭示了担子菌酵母在影响其在作物环境或发酵果汁中生长的重要生理特性方面的多样性。
确定杀菌剂处理对担子菌酵母的选择性影响的可能性，这可能对葡萄树和苹果树有益，并且可以选择更适应发酵果汁、可能对饮料香气有作用的菌株存活。
