Physiology Department, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
Clinical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.
Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021 Mar 24;20(1):70. doi: 10.1186/s12933-021-01259-w.
The prevalence of hypertension and obesity has increased significantly in recent decades. Hypertension and obesity often coexist, and both are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. Obese hypertensive patients usually require special anti-hypertensive treatment strategy due to the increased risk of treatment resistance. Molecules that can target both obesity and hypertension underlying pathologies should get more attention. Herein, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of telmisartan, with special interest in visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, in obesity-related hypertension rat model.
Thirty male Wistar rats weighing 150-200 g were equally divided into: 1-Control group (fed normal laboratory diet for 24 weeks), 2-Diet-induced obesity group (DIO, fed high fat diet for 24 weeks), and 3-Diet-induced obesity treated with telmisartan group (DIO + Tel, fed high fat diet and received telmisartan for 24 weeks). At the end of the study, anthropometrical parameters were evaluated. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of serum lipids, adipokines, cardiac, renal, inflammatory, and oxidative stress biomarkers. Kidneys were removed and used for histopathological studies, and visceral adipose tissue was utilized for histopathological, immunohistochemical and RT-PCR studies.
High fat diet resulted in obesity-related changes in anthropometrical parameters, elevation of blood pressure, increase in heart rate, higher serum levels of cardiac, inflammatory and kidney function biomarkers, with altered serum lipids, adipokines and oxidative stress markers. Morphological changes (H&E and PAS-stained sections) were noticed in kidneys and visceral adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR studies confirmed adipose tissue dysfunction and over-expression of inflammatory and oxidative stress proteins. Telmisartan countered obesity-induced alterations in cardiovascular, renal, and adipose tissue functions.
Adipose tissue dysfunction could be the core pathophysiology of obesity-related hypertension. Besides its anti-hypertensive effect, telmisartan had profound actions on visceral adipose tissue structure and function. Attention should be given to polymodal molecules targeting adipose tissue-related disorders.
近年来，高血压和肥胖的患病率显著增加。高血压和肥胖通常并存，两者都与心血管死亡率增加有关。肥胖的高血压患者通常需要特殊的抗高血压治疗策略，因为他们的治疗抵抗风险增加。能够针对肥胖和高血压潜在病理的分子应该得到更多的关注。在此，我们评估了替米沙坦对肥胖相关高血压大鼠模型的治疗效果，特别关注内脏脂肪组织功能障碍。
30 只雄性 Wistar 大鼠，体重 150-200g，平均分为 3 组：1-对照组（正常实验室饮食喂养 24 周）、2-饮食诱导肥胖组（DIO，高脂饮食喂养 24 周）和 3-饮食诱导肥胖加替米沙坦治疗组（DIO+Tel，高脂饮食喂养并接受替米沙坦治疗 24 周）。研究结束时，评估了人体测量参数。测量收缩压和心率。采集血样，测量血清脂质、脂肪因子、心脏、肾脏、炎症和氧化应激生物标志物。取出肾脏，用于组织病理学研究，利用内脏脂肪组织进行组织病理学、免疫组织化学和 RT-PCR 研究。
高脂饮食导致了人体测量参数的肥胖相关变化，血压升高，心率加快，血清中心脏、炎症和肾功能生物标志物水平升高，同时血清脂质、脂肪因子和氧化应激标志物也发生了改变。肾脏和内脏脂肪组织的 H&E 和 PAS 染色切片观察到形态学变化。免疫组织化学和 RT-PCR 研究证实了脂肪组织功能障碍和炎症及氧化应激蛋白的过度表达。替米沙坦对抗了肥胖引起的心血管、肾脏和脂肪组织功能的改变。
脂肪组织功能障碍可能是肥胖相关高血压的核心病理生理学改变。替米沙坦除了具有降压作用外，对内脏脂肪组织的结构和功能也有深刻的影响。应该关注针对脂肪组织相关疾病的多模态分子。
