INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
BMC Med. 2021 Mar 25;19(1):78. doi: 10.1186/s12916-021-01949-y.
Whether earlier onset of puberty is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in early adulthood is not well understood. Our objective was to examine the association between puberty timing and markers of cardiovascular structure and function at age 25 years.
We conducted a prospective birth cohort study using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Participants were born between April 1, 1991, and December 31, 1992. Exposure of interest was age at peak height velocity (aPHV), an objective and validated growth-based measure of puberty onset. Outcome measures included cardiovascular structure and function at age 25 years: carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Multiple imputation was used to impute missing data on covariates and outcomes. Linear regression was used to examine the association between aPHV and each measure of cardiac structure and function, adjusting for maternal age, gestational age, household social class, maternal education, mother's partner's education, breastfeeding, parity, birthweight, maternal body mass index, maternal marital status, maternal prenatal smoking status and height and fat mass at age 9. All analyses were stratified by sex.
A total of 2752-4571 participants were included in the imputed analyses. A 1-year older aPHV was not strongly associated with markers of cardiac structure and function in males and females at 25 years and most results spanned the null value. In adjusted analyses, a 1-year older aPHV was associated with 0.003 mm (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00001, 0.006) and 0.0008 mm (95% CI - 0.002, 0.003) higher CIMT; 0.02 m/s (95% CI - 0.05, 0.09) and 0.02 m/s (95% CI - 0.04, 0.09) higher PWV; and 0.003 mmHg (95% CI - 0.60, 0.60) and 0.13 mmHg (95% CI - 0.44, 0.70) higher SBP, among males and females, respectively. A 1-year older aPHV was associated with - 0.55 g/m (95% CI - 0.03, - 1.08) and - 0.89 g/m (95% CI - 0.45, - 1.34) lower LVMI and - 0.001 (95% CI - 0.006, 0.002) and - 0.002 (95% CI - 0.006, 0.002) lower RWT among males and females.
Earlier puberty is unlikely to have a major impact on pre-clinical cardiovascular risk in early adulthood.
青春期提前是否与成年早期更高的心血管风险相关尚不清楚。我们的目的是研究青春期起始时间与 25 岁时心血管结构和功能标志物之间的关系。
我们使用来自阿冯纵向研究父母和儿童（ALSPAC）的数据进行了一项前瞻性出生队列研究。参与者出生于 1991 年 4 月 1 日至 1992 年 12 月 31 日之间。感兴趣的暴露是峰值身高速度（aPHV）的年龄，这是一种客观和验证的基于生长的青春期起始测量。结局指标包括 25 岁时的心血管结构和功能：颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）、左心室质量指数（LVMI）和相对壁厚度（RWT）、脉搏波速度（PWV）和收缩压（SBP）。采用多重插补法对协变量和结局的缺失数据进行插补。采用线性回归分析 aPHV 与心脏结构和功能各指标之间的关系，调整了母亲年龄、胎龄、家庭社会阶层、母亲教育、母亲伴侣教育、母乳喂养、产次、出生体重、母亲体重指数、母亲婚姻状况、母亲产前吸烟状况以及 9 岁时的身高和体脂。所有分析均按性别分层。
共纳入 2752-4571 名参与者进行了插补分析。aPHV 每提前 1 岁，男性和女性在 25 岁时与心脏结构和功能标志物的相关性并不强，大多数结果都在零值范围内。在调整分析中，aPHV 每提前 1 岁，与 CIMT 增加 0.003mm（95%置信区间（CI）0.00001，0.006）和 0.0008mm（95%CI -0.002，0.003）、PWV 增加 0.02m/s（95%CI -0.05，0.09）和 0.02m/s（95%CI -0.04，0.09）、SBP 增加 0.003mmHg（95%CI -0.60，0.60）和 0.13mmHg（95%CI -0.44，0.70）有关，男性和女性分别为。aPHV 每提前 1 岁，与 LVMI 降低 -0.55g/m（95%CI -0.03，-1.08）和-0.89g/m（95%CI -0.45，-1.34）以及 RWT 降低 -0.001（95%CI -0.006，0.002）和 -0.002（95%CI -0.006，0.002）有关，男性和女性分别为。
青春期提前不太可能对成年早期的临床前心血管风险产生重大影响。
