Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México.
Seizure. 2021 Aug;90:80-92. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2021.03.009. Epub 2021 Mar 13.
A growing appreciation that the intestinal microbiota might exert changes on the central nervous system via the gut-brain has emerged as a new research frontier in neurological disorders. Moreover, new approaches for studying and manipulating the gut microbiome, including metabolomics and faecal microbiota transplantation, have highlighted the tremendous potential that microbes have on neuroinflammation, metabolic, and neuroendocrine signaling pathways. Despite the large proliferation of studies in animal models examining the linkage between microbial disequilibrium and epilepsy, intestinal profiles at a functional level in humans have remained scarce. We reviewed the scientific evidence on gut microbiota's role in epilepsy, both in clinical and experimental studies, to better understand how targeting the gut microbiota could serve as a diagnostic or prognostic research tool. Likewise, translating microbial molecular mechanisms to medical settings could fill the gaps related to alternative therapies for patients with epilepsy, mainly in cases with refractory phenotypes.
人们越来越认识到，肠道微生物群可能通过肠-脑途径对中枢神经系统产生影响，这已成为神经疾病研究的一个新前沿。此外，研究肠道微生物组的新方法，包括代谢组学和粪便微生物群移植，突出了微生物对神经炎症、代谢和神经内分泌信号通路的巨大潜力。尽管在动物模型中进行了大量研究，以检查微生物失衡与癫痫之间的联系，但人类在功能水平上的肠道特征仍然很少。我们回顾了关于肠道微生物群在癫痫中的作用的科学证据，包括临床和实验研究，以更好地了解靶向肠道微生物群如何作为诊断或预后研究工具。同样，将微生物分子机制转化为医疗环境可以填补与癫痫患者的替代疗法相关的空白，主要是在难治性表型的情况下。
