Wang Caixia, Zhang Haikun, Liu Pengyuan, Wang Yibo, Sun Yanyu, Song Zenglei, Hu Xiaoke
Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Bioresource Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Mar 8;12:630741. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.630741. eCollection 2021.
Understanding environment-community relationships under shifting environmental conditions helps uncover mechanisms by which environmental microbial communities manage to improve ecosystem functioning. This study investigated the microbial community and structure near the Yellow Sea River estuary in 12 stations across the middle of the Bohai Sea for over two seasons to elucidate the influence of estuarine output on them. We found that the dominant phyla in all stations were Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes. Alpha-diversity increased near the estuary and bacterial community structure differed with variation of spatiotemporal gradients. Among all the environmental factors surveyed, temperature, salinity, phosphate, silicon, nitrate, and total virioplankton abundance played crucial roles in controlling the bacterial community composition. Some inferred that community functions such as carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid metabolism, xenobiotics biodegradation, membrane transport, and environmental adaptation were much higher in winter; energy and nucleotide metabolism were lower in winter. Our results suggested that estuarine output had a great influence on the Bohai Sea environment and changes in the water environmental conditions caused by estuarine output developed distinctive microbial communities in the middle of the Bohai Sea. The distinctive microbial communities in winter demonstrated that the shifting water environment may stimulate changes in the diversity and then strengthen the predicted functions.
了解不断变化的环境条件下环境与群落的关系，有助于揭示环境微生物群落改善生态系统功能的机制。本研究对渤海中部12个站点的黄河河口附近的微生物群落和结构进行了两个多季节的调查，以阐明河口输出对它们的影响。我们发现，所有站点的优势菌门为变形菌门、蓝细菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和浮霉菌门。河口附近的α多样性增加，细菌群落结构随时空梯度变化而不同。在所有调查的环境因素中，温度、盐度、磷酸盐、硅、硝酸盐和总浮游病毒丰度在控制细菌群落组成方面起着关键作用。一些研究推断，碳水化合物、脂质、氨基酸代谢、异生物质生物降解、膜运输和环境适应等群落功能在冬季更高；能量和核苷酸代谢在冬季较低。我们的结果表明，河口输出对渤海环境有很大影响，河口输出引起的水环境条件变化在渤海中部形成了独特的微生物群落。冬季独特的微生物群落表明，不断变化的水环境可能刺激多样性变化，进而增强预测功能。
