Ryu EunChae, Park Ji Sung, Giri Sib Sankar, Chang Park Se
Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Seoul Regional Office, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Seoul 07670, Republic of Korea.
Int J Anal Chem. 2021 Mar 8;2021:8822448. doi: 10.1155/2021/8822448. eCollection 2021.
Soft-shell turtle (SST; freshwater terrapin or tortoise) is a popular and important health functional food (HFF) product in many Asian countries. HFFs containing SST must be safe, but several HFFs have been found to be contaminated with dangerous substances, such as nitrofuran metabolites (NFMs). This finding suggests that the consumption of HFFs results in the regular exposure of vulnerable individuals to hazardous substances. Importantly, nitrofuran antibiotics have been banned for use in food-producing animals since the 1990s by the European Union. Thus, in this study, we propose a reliable and quick method to reduce the time required for the detection of four NFMs in SST powder that conventional methods are unable to quantify. Our method involves the derivatization and hydrolysis of SST powder and was validated in accordance with the requirements of European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. The method achieves an apparent mean recovery of 82.2-108.1%, repeatability of 1.5-3.8%, and reproducibility of 2.2-4.8% for 0.5-10.0 g kg of 1-aminohydantoin, semicarbazide, 3-amino-2-oxazolidinone, and 3-amino-5-morpholinomethyl-2-oxazolidinone. In addition, linearity was achieved with correlation coefficients of 0.999, and the detection capability (CC) and decision limit (CC) were found to be reliable, indicating that this is a fast and accurate method for the analysis of SST powder. The validated method was successfully applied to detect NFMs in SST powder in commercial HHFs.
甲鱼（SST；淡水龟或陆龟）在许多亚洲国家是一种受欢迎且重要的健康功能性食品（HFF）。含有甲鱼的HFF必须是安全的，但已发现几种HFF被有害物质污染，如硝基呋喃代谢物（NFMs）。这一发现表明，食用HFF会使易受伤害的个体经常接触有害物质。重要的是，自20世纪90年代以来，欧盟已禁止在食用动物中使用硝基呋喃抗生素。因此，在本研究中，我们提出了一种可靠且快速的方法，以减少检测甲鱼粉中四种常规方法无法定量的NFMs所需的时间。我们的方法包括甲鱼粉的衍生化和水解，并根据欧盟委员会第2002/657/EC号决定的要求进行了验证。对于0.5 - 10.0 g/kg的1 - 氨基乙内酰脲、氨基脲、3 - 氨基 - 2 - 恶唑烷酮和3 - 氨基 - 5 - 吗啉甲基 - 2 - 恶唑烷酮，该方法的表观平均回收率为82.2 - 108.1%，重复性为1.5 - 3.8%，再现性为2.2 - 4.8%。此外，相关系数为0.999时实现了线性，检测能力（CC）和决策限（CC）可靠，表明这是一种快速准确的甲鱼粉分析方法。该经过验证的方法已成功应用于检测商业HFF中甲鱼粉中的NFMs。
