Nilsen Kari M, Walling Anne, Grothusen Jill, Irwin Gretchen, Meyer Mark, Unruh Greg
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Wichita, KS.
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Kansas City, Kansas City, KS.
Kans J Med. 2021 Mar 19;14(1):53-63. doi: 10.17161/kjm.vol1414568. eCollection 2021.
The purpose of this study was to provide information to assist students, faculty, and staff in making critical career-determining decisions regarding the residency NRMP "Match" process.
A 47-item survey questionnaire was developed and piloted on a regional medical school campus in 2015. The revised questionnaire was distributed each year from 2016 to 2020 to fourth-year medical students after rank lists had been submitted. The questionnaire incorporated a request for comments about the interviewing experience and suggestions to improve the process. This narrative feedback was coded using a thematic analysis.
The overall response rate was 86.1% (897/1,042). Annual response rates ranged from 70.0% in 2020 to 97.0% in 2018. Respondents' average age was 27.3 (± 2.7) years and 50.0% (448/897) were male. Most applied to family medicine (164/897; 18.2%) and internal medicine (140/897; 15.6%). Eight specialties had fewer than ten applicants over the six-year period. The number of students applying to individual specialties fluctuated annually, but no specialty showed a consistent upward or downward trend over the study period.
This study found huge differences in numbers of applications, expenses, and days interviewing. Students crave more guidance, a more efficient system, transparent communication with programs, and less pressure during the process. Reducing escalating volumes of applications is central to improving the system. Despite efforts to inform applicants better, student behavior is unlikely to change until they feel safe in the belief that lower and more realistic numbers of applications and interviews are likely to result in securing an appropriate residency position.
本研究的目的是提供信息，以帮助学生、教师和工作人员就住院医师国家住院医师匹配计划（NRMP）的“匹配”过程做出关键的职业决定。
2015年在一所地区医学院校园开发并试用了一份包含47个条目的调查问卷。修订后的问卷于2016年至2020年每年在排名列表提交后分发给四年级医学生。问卷中包含了对面试经历的评论请求以及改进该过程的建议。这种叙述性反馈采用主题分析法进行编码。
总体回复率为86.1%（897/1042）。年度回复率从2020年的70.0%到2018年的97.0%不等。受访者的平均年龄为27.3（±2.7）岁，50.0%（448/897）为男性。大多数人申请了家庭医学（164/897；18.2%）和内科（140/897；15.6%）。在六年期间，有八个专业的申请者少于十人。申请各个专业的学生人数每年都有波动，但在研究期间没有一个专业呈现出持续上升或下降的趋势。
本研究发现申请数量、费用和面试天数存在巨大差异。学生渴望更多指导、更高效的系统、与项目的透明沟通以及过程中更少的压力。减少不断增加的申请数量是改善该系统的核心。尽管努力更好地告知申请者，但在学生相信较低且更现实的申请和面试数量可能会使其获得合适的住院医师职位之前，他们的行为不太可能改变。
