Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31000, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey.
Basic and Applied Sciences Institute, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Aug;28(29):39576-39586. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13523-3. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
Perchloroethylene (PCE), also known as tetrachloroethylene, is a commercially important chlorinated solvent commonly used in dry cleaning, textile processing, and metal degreasing industries. According to the available studies, the potential genotoxic impacts of this chlorinated solvent on human beings are still controversial. The present work was carried out to determine the genotoxic effects of PCE on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) using chromosome aberrations (CAs) and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) tests. Additionally, the antigenotoxic potential of α-tocopherol (α-Toc), a well-known antioxidant agent, on human lymphocytes treated with PCE in vitro was assessed. The cells were exposed for 48 h to PCE (25, 50, 100, and 150 μg/mL) alone as well as in combination with α-Toc (100 μg/mL). The findings of the study suggested that, relative to solvent control, PCE significantly increased the structural CA and MN formation for all concentrations. However, simultaneous treatment of PCE and α-Toc caused a significant reduction of CAs and MNi as compared to cultures treated with PCE alone. Besides, the results showed that PCE has cytotoxic effects on human PBLs as indicated by the significant decrease in mitotic index (MI) and nuclear division index (NDI). Nevertheless, the co-treatment of α-Toc with PCE did not reduce the cytotoxicity of PCE at a significant level. In conclusion, it can be suggested that PCE is genotoxic and cytotoxic in human PBLs, and α-Toc has an antigenotoxic effect on PCE-induced genotoxicity but has no significant effect on the cytotoxicity triggered by PCE.
全氯乙烯（PCE），又称四氯乙烯，是一种商业上重要的氯化溶剂，常用于干洗、纺织加工和金属脱脂行业。根据现有研究，这种氯化溶剂对人类潜在的遗传毒性影响仍存在争议。本研究采用染色体畸变（CAs）和胞质分裂阻断微核（CBMN）试验，检测 PCE 对人外周血淋巴细胞（PBLs）的遗传毒性作用。此外，还评估了α-生育酚（α-Toc），一种众所周知的抗氧化剂，对体外用人淋巴细胞处理 PCE 的抗原毒性作用。细胞暴露于 PCE（25、50、100 和 150μg/mL）48 小时，单独以及与 α-Toc（100μg/mL）联合暴露。研究结果表明，与溶剂对照相比，PCE 显著增加了所有浓度的结构 CA 和 MN 形成。然而，与单独用 PCE 处理的培养物相比，PCE 和 α-Toc 同时处理导致 CA 和 MNi 显著减少。此外，结果表明 PCE 对人 PBLs 具有细胞毒性作用，表现为有丝分裂指数（MI）和核分裂指数（NDI）显著降低。然而，α-Toc 与 PCE 共同处理并没有在显著水平上降低 PCE 的细胞毒性。总之，可以认为 PCE 对人 PBLs 具有遗传毒性和细胞毒性，α-Toc 对 PCE 诱导的遗传毒性具有抗原毒性作用，但对 PCE 引发的细胞毒性没有显著作用。
