School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
The Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control of Ningxia, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 25;16(3):e0248782. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248782. eCollection 2021.
Related evidences of metabolically unhealthy profile of adults with normal weight are not well characterized in the Chinese population. This is because they cannot be effectively identified by regular measurements (such as body mass index [BMI]). To overcome this gap in literature, this study aimed at investigating the association between body composition and metabolically unhealthy profile in Chinese adults with normal weight.
A total of 5427 individuals with normal-weight were recruited from 15820 people living in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in Northwest China. Normal-weight was defined as a BMI of 18.5-23.9 kg/m2. Metabolically unhealthy profile was assessed by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Metabolically unhealthy normal-weight (MUHNW) profile was defined in individuals who had normal weight and at least two cardiometabolic risk factors. Generalized linear model was used to investigate the association between body composition measured by bioelectrical impedance and metabolically unhealthy profile in adults with normal-weight.
The percentage of metabolically unhealthy profile was 35.86% in adults with normal weight. Different MUHNW distributions were found between males and females depending on age. The percentage of the MUHNW profile significantly increased in women after the age of 55, contrary to men. The association between body composition and MUHNW was affected by age and sex. The increased adiposity indices (fat mass index [FMI], visceral fat level [VFL], waist circumference [WCF]), and reduced skeletal muscle mass ratio [SMR] showed significant differences between MUHNW and metabolically healthy with normal weight (MHNW) (p < 0.05).
The distribution of MUHNW differed between ages and sexes. FMI, VFL, WCF and SMR could be responsible for the MUHNW adults, providing a new insight into the potential metabolic risks for the adults with normal weight in China. This directs us in the management of the MUHNW for their early prevention.
在中国人群中，代谢不健康的正常体重成年人相关证据尚不清楚。这是因为他们不能通过常规测量（如体重指数[BMI]）有效地识别。为了弥补这一文献空白，本研究旨在探讨中国正常体重成年人的身体成分与代谢不健康特征之间的关系。
从中国西北地区宁夏回族自治区的 15820 人中招募了 5427 名正常体重的个体。正常体重定义为 BMI 为 18.5-23.9 kg/m2。代谢不健康特征采用国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗专家组第三版（ATP III）评估。代谢不健康的正常体重（MUHNW）特征定义为体重正常且至少有两种心血管代谢风险因素的个体。使用广义线性模型探讨了正常体重成年人中生物电阻抗法测量的身体成分与代谢不健康特征之间的关系。
正常体重成年人的代谢不健康特征比例为 35.86%。根据年龄不同，男女之间的 MUHNW 分布也不同。女性在 55 岁以后 MUHNW 比例显著增加，而男性则相反。身体成分与 MUHNW 的关系受年龄和性别影响。增加的肥胖指数（脂肪质量指数[FMI]、内脏脂肪水平[VFL]、腰围[WCF]）和减少的骨骼肌质量比[SMR]在 MUHNW 与代谢健康的正常体重（MHNW）之间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。
MUHNW 的分布在年龄和性别之间存在差异。FMI、VFL、WCF 和 SMR 可能是 MUHNW 成年人的原因，为中国正常体重成年人的潜在代谢风险提供了新的认识。这为我们管理 MUHNW 以进行早期预防提供了指导。
