Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Laboratory for Research in Neuroimaging LREN, Centre for Research in Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Neurobiol Aging. 2021 Jun;102:50-63. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.02.002. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
Given the controversy about the impact of modifiable risk factors on mood and cognition in ageing, we sought to investigate the associations between cardio-vascular risk, mental health, cognitive performance and brain anatomy in mid- to old age. We analyzed a set of risk factors together with multi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the CoLaus|PsyCoLaus cohort (n > 1200). Cardio-vascular risk was associated with differences in brain tissue properties - myelin, free tissue water, iron content - and regional brain volumes that we interpret in the context of micro-vascular hypoxic lesions and neurodegeneration. The interaction between clinical subtypes of major depressive disorder and cardio-vascular risk factors showed differential associations with brain structure depending on individuals' lifetime trajectory. There was a negative correlation between melancholic depression, anxiety and MRI markers of myelin and iron content in the hippocampus and anterior cingulate. Verbal memory and verbal fluency performance were positively correlated with left amygdala volumes. The concomitant analysis of brain morphometry and tissue properties allowed for a neuro-biological interpretation of the link between modifiable risk factors and brain health.
鉴于可改变的风险因素对衰老过程中的情绪和认知的影响存在争议，我们试图研究中年至老年的心血管风险、心理健康、认知表现和大脑解剖之间的关联。我们在 CoLaus|PsyCoLaus 队列中（n > 1200）分析了一组风险因素和多参数磁共振成像 (MRI)。心血管风险与脑组织特性——髓鞘、自由组织水、铁含量——以及我们根据微血管缺氧病变和神经退行性变解释的区域脑体积存在差异。重度抑郁症的临床亚型与心血管风险因素之间的相互作用根据个体的终生轨迹显示出与大脑结构的不同关联。忧郁症、焦虑症与海马体和前扣带回的 MRI 髓鞘和铁含量标志物呈负相关。言语记忆和言语流畅性与左杏仁核体积呈正相关。对大脑形态计量学和组织特性的同时分析，使得我们能够从神经生物学角度解释可改变的风险因素与大脑健康之间的联系。
