China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China; School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia; School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China.
Prev Vet Med. 2021 May;190:105328. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105328. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Yellow broilers are the primary source of poultry consumption in China and the predominant trade of live poultry. However, knowledge of the value chain is limited, which is vital evidence for the effective control of H7N9 and other zoonotic avian influenzas. The aim of the study was to map the yellow broiler value chain in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China and investigate its governance structure and practices relevant to the risk of H7N9 transmission. A value chain analysis was conducted in five areas of Guangxi from May to August 2018. To map the value chain, three focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted and stakeholders, products and premises involved and their interactions were identified. Then, 55 key informant interviews (KIIs) collected qualitative data on stakeholders' profile, practices and interactions with other stakeholders and rules/norms that exist along the value chain. On-site observations were also carried out at different types of premises along the value chain to complement and validate findings of KIIs and FGDs. Participants were also asked to provide proportional estimates of each component in the value chain where possible. The qualitative data from FGDs, KIIs and on-site observations were analysed to create stakeholder profiles and a diagram of product flows and stakeholders' interactions. Thematic analysis was used to identify the governance structure of the value chains and practices relevant to the risk of H7N9 transmission. The stakeholders and premises involved in Guangxi yellow broiler production, wholesale and retail were described, as well as their interactions. Contract farming is extensively adopted in Guangxi; consequently yellow broiler grower companies are the dominant stakeholders. The trading platform was identified as a key premise linking farms and live bird markets. The thematic analysis highlighted poor biosecurity practices in different premises along the value chain, which was supported by on-site observations. The operation of trading platforms reported in this study presents a disease risk but is not considered in the current H7N9 control programs. The study suggested that biosecurity management gaps need to be addressed through government-industry partnerships that require engagement with private stakeholders in the planning and implementation of H7N9 control strategies incentivising participation of grower companies, wholesalers and retailers.
黄羽肉鸡是中国家禽消费的主要来源，也是活禽主要的贸易品种。然而，人们对其价值链的认识有限，而这对于有效控制 H7N9 和其他人畜共患禽流感至关重要。本研究的目的是绘制中国广西壮族自治区黄羽肉鸡价值链，并调查其与 H7N9 传播风险相关的治理结构和实践。2018 年 5 月至 8 月，在广西五个地区进行了价值链分析。为了绘制价值链，我们进行了三次焦点小组讨论（FGD），确定了价值链中涉及的利益相关者、产品和场所及其相互作用。然后，我们进行了 55 次关键知情人访谈（KII），收集了关于利益相关者概况、实践以及与其他利益相关者相互作用的定性数据，以及价值链上存在的规则/规范。还在价值链上的不同类型场所进行了现场观察，以补充和验证 KII 和 FGD 的发现。参与者还被要求尽可能提供价值链各组成部分的比例估计。对 FGD、KII 和现场观察的定性数据进行了分析，以创建利益相关者概况和产品流动图以及利益相关者的相互作用图。使用主题分析来确定价值链的治理结构和与 H7N9 传播风险相关的实践。描述了广西黄羽肉鸡生产、批发和零售所涉及的利益相关者和场所，以及它们的相互作用。广西广泛采用合同养殖；因此，黄羽肉鸡养殖公司是主要的利益相关者。交易平台被确定为连接农场和活禽市场的关键场所。主题分析突出了价值链不同场所生物安全实践不佳的问题，这一点得到了现场观察的支持。本研究报告的交易平台运作存在疾病风险，但目前的 H7N9 控制计划并未考虑这一点。研究表明，需要通过政府-产业伙伴关系来解决生物安全管理差距，这需要私营部门利益相关者参与 H7N9 控制策略的规划和实施，激励养殖公司、批发商和零售商参与。
