Jaekel Brittany N, Weinstein Sarah, Newman Rochelle S, Goupell Matthew J
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2021 Mar;149(3):1488. doi: 10.1121/10.0003573.
Cochlear-implant (CI) users experience less success in understanding speech in noisy, real-world listening environments than normal-hearing (NH) listeners. Perceptual restoration is one method NH listeners use to repair noise-interrupted speech. Whereas previous work has reported that CI users can use perceptual restoration in certain cases, they failed to do so under listening conditions in which NH listeners can successfully restore. Providing increased opportunities to use top-down linguistic knowledge is one possible method to increase perceptual restoration use in CI users. This work tested perceptual restoration abilities in 18 CI users and varied whether a semantic cue (presented visually) was available prior to the target sentence (presented auditorily). Results showed that whereas access to a semantic cue generally improved performance with interrupted speech, CI users failed to perceptually restore speech regardless of the semantic cue availability. The lack of restoration in this population directly contradicts previous work in this field and raises questions of whether restoration is possible in CI users. One reason for speech-in-noise understanding difficulty in CI users could be that they are unable to use tools like restoration to process noise-interrupted speech effectively.
与听力正常的(NH)听众相比,人工耳蜗(CI)使用者在嘈杂的现实世界聆听环境中理解语音的成功率较低。感知恢复是NH听众用来修复被噪音打断的语音的一种方法。尽管之前的研究报告称,CI使用者在某些情况下可以使用感知恢复,但在NH听众能够成功恢复的聆听条件下,他们却无法做到。提供更多使用自上而下语言知识的机会是增加CI使用者感知恢复使用率的一种可能方法。这项研究测试了18名CI使用者的感知恢复能力,并改变了在目标句子(通过听觉呈现)之前是否有语义线索(通过视觉呈现)。结果表明,虽然获得语义线索通常会提高对被打断语音的理解表现,但无论语义线索是否可用,CI使用者都无法在感知上恢复语音。这一人群中缺乏恢复能力直接与该领域之前的研究相矛盾,并引发了关于CI使用者是否可能进行恢复的问题。CI使用者在噪声中理解语音困难的一个原因可能是他们无法使用诸如恢复这样的工具来有效处理被噪音打断的语音。