支持患有慢性病的员工继续工作：职业健康专业人员和组织代表的观点。
Supporting employees with chronic conditions to stay at work: perspectives of occupational health professionals and organizational representatives.
作者信息
Bosma A R, Boot C R L, Snippen N C, Schaafsma F G, Anema J R
机构信息
Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 25;21(1):592. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10633-y.
BACKGROUND
Supporting employees with chronic conditions can prevent work-related problems and facilitate sustainable employment. Various stakeholders are involved in providing support to these employees. Understanding their current practices and experienced barriers is useful for the development of an organizational-level intervention to improve this support. The aim of this study was to explore the current practices of occupational physicians and organizational representatives, identifying both barriers to providing support and opportunities for improvement.
METHODS
Two focus groups with sixteen occupational physicians and seven semi-structured interviews with organizational representatives were held between January and June 2018. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis.
RESULTS
Several barriers to offer support were identified, including barriers at the organizational level (negative organizational attitudes towards employees with chronic conditions), the employee level (employees' reluctance to collaborate with employers in dealing with work-related problems), and in the collaboration between occupational physicians and organizational representatives. In addition, barriers in occupational health care were described, e.g. occupational physicians' lack of visibility and a lack of utilization of occupational physicians' support. Opportunities to optimize support included a shared responsibility of all stakeholders involved, actively anchoring prevention of work-related problems in policy and practice and a more pronounced role of the health care sector in preventing work-related problems.
CONCLUSIONS
Preventing work-related problems for employees with chronic conditions can be achieved by addressing the identified barriers to provide support. In addition, both occupational physicians and organizational representatives should initiate and secure preventive support at the organizational level and in occupational health care. These insights are helpful in developing an intervention aimed at supporting employees with chronic conditions to stay at work.
背景
为患有慢性病的员工提供支持可以预防与工作相关的问题，并促进可持续就业。多个利益相关方参与为这些员工提供支持。了解他们目前的做法和遇到的障碍，有助于制定组织层面的干预措施以改善这种支持。本研究的目的是探索职业医生和组织代表的当前做法，识别提供支持的障碍和改进机会。
方法
2018年1月至6月期间，与16名职业医生进行了两个焦点小组讨论，并与组织代表进行了7次半结构化访谈。采用主题内容分析法对数据进行分析。
结果
确定了几个提供支持的障碍，包括组织层面的障碍（组织对患有慢性病的员工持消极态度）、员工层面的障碍（员工不愿与雇主合作处理与工作相关的问题）以及职业医生与组织代表之间合作的障碍。此外，还描述了职业卫生保健方面的障碍，例如职业医生缺乏可见度以及对职业医生支持的利用不足。优化支持的机会包括所有相关利益方共同承担责任，在政策和实践中积极落实预防与工作相关问题的措施，以及卫生保健部门在预防与工作相关问题方面发挥更显著的作用。
结论
通过消除已确定的提供支持的障碍，可以预防患有慢性病的员工出现与工作相关的问题。此外，职业医生和组织代表都应在组织层面和职业卫生保健中发起并确保提供预防性支持。这些见解有助于制定一项旨在支持患有慢性病的员工继续工作的干预措施。
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