Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-West, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD, 21252, USA.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 25;11(1):6860. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-85884-1.
Spotted wing drosophila (SWD) causes significant economic loss in fruit crops to growers worldwide. There is immediate need for efficacious and selective monitoring tools that can detect infestations early. Previously, volatile organic compounds derived from apple were studied and a quinary chemical component blend (QB) was identified as the key SWD attractant in a blueberry orchard in the United States. This study's aim was to determine whether previously observed QB efficacy, selectivity, and early detection levels could be attained within raspberry and cherry fields in the USA and Europe. Results demonstrated that sticky trap baited QB dispenser provided earlier SWD detection potential than the usually adopted apple cider vinegar (ACV) trap. The number of SWD captured/trap by QB baited trapping systems was significantly lower than that of the ACV trap. However, percent SWD/trap of QB baited traps was same within cherry. Lower non-target capture will save farmer/grower's labor and time allocated to traps installation and drosophila species identification. Within the USA, SWD selectivity of QB baited liquid traps was consistently greater than sticky trap in raspberry field, suggesting that the QB dispenser can be an alternative to the standard ACV lure and that trap design could improve selectivity further.
实蝇（SWD）会给世界范围内的果农造成巨大的经济损失。目前迫切需要有效的、有针对性的监测工具，以便能够尽早发现虫害。此前，人们研究了苹果释放的挥发性有机化合物，发现五元化学混合物（QB）是美国蓝莓园中吸引实蝇的关键引诱剂。本研究旨在确定先前观察到的 QB 的有效性、选择性和早期检测水平是否能在美国和欧洲的覆盆子和樱桃种植园中实现。结果表明，QB 诱芯粘虫板诱捕器比通常使用的苹果醋诱捕器更早地检测到实蝇。QB 诱芯诱捕系统捕捉到的实蝇数量明显低于苹果醋诱捕器。然而，QB 诱芯粘虫板诱捕器中的实蝇百分比与苹果醋诱捕器相同。减少非目标捕获将节省农民/种植者用于诱捕器安装和果蝇种类鉴定的劳动力和时间。在美国，QB 诱芯液体诱捕器对覆盆子田中的实蝇的选择性始终高于粘虫板，这表明 QB 诱芯分配器可以替代标准的苹果醋诱饵，并且诱捕器设计可以进一步提高选择性。
