Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada.
Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México, Chatsworth, NJ, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2019 Dec 9;112(6):2850-2860. doi: 10.1093/jee/toz224.
The invasive spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), is a major pest of soft-skinned fruits. Since its introduction into North America and Europe, significant progress has been made in understanding the volatile cues used by this fly during food, oviposition site, and mate finding. Despite this progress, commercially available lures are non-selective. Here, we tested two Hanseniaspora uvarum (Niehaus) yeast compounds (isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate) and a leaf compound β-cyclocitral alone and in combination with a blend of four fermentation compounds ('Fermentation lure': acetic acid, ethanol, methionol, and acetoin) to improve D. suzukii attraction and selectivity. In laboratory assays, males and females were attracted to all seven individual compounds, although in electrophysiological assays, their antennae exhibited a dose-dependent response to only four of these compounds. In two-choice cage studies, the Fermentation lure was more attractive to D. suzukii than water controls, whereas β-cyclocitral and the mixture of isoamyl acetate and isobutyl acetate were not attractive in this larger-cage study. Moreover, adding the two-component H. uvarum compound blend to the Fermentation lure reduced D. suzukii attraction to the Fermentation blend. When these experiments were repeated in blueberry, raspberry, blackberry, and cherry orchards across several states in the United States over 2 yr, similar outcomes were observed: β-cyclocitral or the mixture of the H. uvarum blend did not improve the attractiveness of the Fermentation lure or its selectivity. This study demonstrates that cues from different sources may interfere with each other and reduce D. suzukii attraction to otherwise attractive odor combinations.
入侵性斑点果蝇 Drosophila suzukii（松崎果蝇）是软皮水果的主要害虫。自传入北美和欧洲以来，人们在理解这种果蝇在寻找食物、产卵地点和配偶时使用的挥发性线索方面取得了重大进展。尽管取得了这一进展，但市售的诱饵没有选择性。在这里，我们测试了两种 Hanseniaspora uvarum（Niehaus）酵母化合物（乙酸异戊酯和乙酸异丁酯）和一种叶化合物 β-环柠檬醛，单独使用和与四种发酵化合物的混合物（“发酵诱饵”：乙酸、乙醇、蛋氨酸醇和乙酰醇）一起使用，以提高 D. suzukii 的吸引力和选择性。在实验室试验中，雄性和雌性都被七种单一化合物吸引，尽管在电生理试验中，它们的触角对其中四种化合物表现出剂量依赖性反应。在双选择笼研究中，Fermentation lure 比水对照更吸引 D. suzukii，而 β-环柠檬醛和乙酸异戊酯和乙酸异丁酯的混合物在这个更大的笼研究中没有吸引力。此外，向 Fermentation lure 添加两种成分的 H. uvarum 化合物混合物会降低 D. suzukii 对 Fermentation 混合物的吸引力。当这些实验在美国多个州的蓝莓、覆盆子、黑莓和樱桃果园中重复进行 2 年时，观察到了类似的结果：β-环柠檬醛或 H. uvarum 混合物都没有改善 Fermentation lure 的吸引力或选择性。本研究表明，来自不同来源的线索可能相互干扰，降低 D. suzukii 对其他有吸引力的气味组合的吸引力。
