Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Leukemia. 2021 May;35(5):1243-1257. doi: 10.1038/s41375-021-01225-1. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
Hematological malignancies are a class of malignant neoplasms attributed to abnormal differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The systemic involvement, poor prognosis, chemotherapy resistance, and recurrence common in hematological malignancies urge researchers to look for novel treatment targets and mechanisms. In recent years, epigenetic abnormalities have been shown to play a vital role in tumorigenesis and progression in hematological malignancies. In addition to DNA methylation and histone modifications, which are most studied, RNA methylation has become increasingly significant. In this review, we elaborate recent advances in the understanding of RNA modification in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and molecular targeted therapies of hematological malignancies and discuss its intricate interactions with other epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and noncoding RNAs.
血液系统恶性肿瘤是一类起源于造血干细胞（HSCs）异常分化的恶性肿瘤。血液系统恶性肿瘤常见全身性累及、预后不良、化疗耐药和复发，这促使研究人员寻找新的治疗靶点和机制。近年来，表观遗传异常已被证明在血液系统恶性肿瘤的发生和进展中起着至关重要的作用。除了研究最多的 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰外，RNA 甲基化也变得越来越重要。在这篇综述中，我们详细阐述了 RNA 修饰在血液系统恶性肿瘤发病机制、诊断和分子靶向治疗中的最新研究进展，并讨论了其与其他表观遗传修饰（包括 DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰和非编码 RNA）的复杂相互作用。
