Virath Rekha, Gupta Lalit K, Mehta Sharad, Balai Manisha, Mittal Asit K, Khare Ashok K
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Indian Dermatol Online J. 2020 Sep 28;12(1):123-127. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_378_20. eCollection 2021 Jan-Feb.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne protozoal infection of the skin with variable clinical manifestations. In Rajasthan, western Thar desert is endemic for this disease.
The present study was aimed to describe clinico-epidemiological features of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases from a non-endemic area of South Rajasthan.
A hospital-based prospective study was carried out during a period of 3 years (2017-2019). Data regarding clinical profile and treatment outcome were recorded in a predesigned proforma for analysis. Diagnosis of CL was made clinically and confirmed by demonstration of amastigotes in microscopic examination of Giemsa stained tissue smear of lesions.
Out of 24 patients, 16 (67%) were females and 8 (33%) were males. The age ranged from 3 months to 68 years (median-25). Face (67%) and extremities (29%) were the common sites affected. The most common morphological form was crusted plaques (54%) followed by nodular lesions (38%). Slit skin smear for Leishmania donovani bodies was positive in all patients (100%).
This study highlights a focus of CL in non-endemic areas of South Rajasthan. Of late leishmaniasis is breaking out of its classical boundaries and is increasingly being reported from new geographic locations with a possibility of a novel parasite variant. Therefore, a high clinical suspicion of CL should be kept in non-endemic area.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）是一种由媒介传播的皮肤原生动物感染，临床表现多样。在拉贾斯坦邦，塔尔沙漠西部是该病的流行地区。
本研究旨在描述来自拉贾斯坦邦南部非流行地区的皮肤利什曼病病例的临床流行病学特征。
在3年期间（2017 - 2019年）进行了一项基于医院的前瞻性研究。有关临床特征和治疗结果的数据记录在预先设计的表格中进行分析。CL的诊断通过临床做出，并通过在病变的吉姆萨染色组织涂片显微镜检查中发现无鞭毛体来确认。
24例患者中，16例（67%）为女性，8例（33%）为男性。年龄范围为3个月至68岁（中位数 - 25岁）。面部（67%）和四肢（29%）是常见的受累部位。最常见的形态学类型是结痂斑块（54%），其次是结节性病变（38%）。所有患者（100%）的利什曼原虫无鞭毛体皮肤刮片均呈阳性。
本研究突出了拉贾斯坦邦南部非流行地区存在皮肤利什曼病疫情。最近，利什曼病正在突破其经典界限，越来越多地在新的地理位置被报道，可能存在新的寄生虫变种。因此，在非流行地区应高度怀疑皮肤利什曼病。
