Balai Manisha, Gupta Lalit Kumar, Khare Ashok Kumar, Srivastava Ankita, Mittal Asit, Singh Ajit
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, RNT Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Indian J Dermatol. 2016 Sep-Oct;61(5):521-4. doi: 10.4103/0019-5154.190117.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) usually occurs in areas with hot and dry climate. In India, the desert areas of Rajasthan, Gujarat, and the plains of Northwestern frontier are endemic for this disorder.
The present study was aimed to describe clinicoepidemiological profile of the cases of CL from South Rajasthan, which is a nonendemic area of Rajasthan.
During a period of 4 years (2010-2014), a total of 23 patients with CL were diagnosed. All the suspected cases of CL were interrogated in detail regarding visit to areas where CL is known to occur. This was followed by clinical examination, relevant investigations, and treatment. All except one patient were treated with azole antifungals. In one patient, CO2 laser ablation was done.
There were 12 (52.17%) males and 11 (47.83%) females with age ranging from 3 to 72 years. Duration of disease ranged from 7 days to 10 months. Face (15; 65.22%) and extremities (12; 52.17%) were involved in majority of the patients. Common morphologies were noduloulcerative lesions and crusted plaques. Tissue smear for Leishmania donovani bodies was positive in all except one patient.
The present report highlights occurrence of CL in nonendemic area. Further epidemiological studies are required for identification of vector and strain of Leishmania involved.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）通常发生在炎热干燥的气候地区。在印度，拉贾斯坦邦、古吉拉特邦的沙漠地区以及西北边境平原是这种疾病的流行地区。
本研究旨在描述来自拉贾斯坦邦南部（该地区并非拉贾斯坦邦的流行区）的CL病例的临床流行病学特征。
在4年期间（2010 - 2014年），共诊断出23例CL患者。所有疑似CL病例都被详细询问了是否去过已知有CL发生的地区。随后进行了临床检查、相关调查及治疗。除1例患者外，所有患者均接受了唑类抗真菌药物治疗。1例患者接受了二氧化碳激光消融治疗。
有12名男性（52.17%）和11名女性（47.83%），年龄范围为3至72岁。病程从7天到10个月不等。大多数患者的面部（15例；65.22%）和四肢（12例；52.17%）受累。常见形态为结节溃疡性病变和结痂斑块。除1例患者外，所有患者的利什曼原虫杜氏小体组织涂片均为阳性。
本报告强调了非流行区CL的发生情况。需要进一步进行流行病学研究以确定相关的利什曼原虫载体和菌株。
