Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2021 May;19(5):679-683. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14337. Epub 2021 Mar 25.
The occupational disease skin No. 5101 ("severe or recurrent skin diseases that have forced the patient to refrain from all activities that were or could be the cause of the development, aggravation or resurgence of the disease") is the most frequently notified occupational disease in Germany. Since 1936, the medical-objective obligation to refrain from risky work activities, which has been necessary for the recognition of this occupational disease, was intended to delimit trivial diseases, facilitate the determination of occupational causality and promote prevention. The abolition of the legal obligation to refrain from risky work activities as a criterion for the recognition of the occupational disease 5101 as of 01.01.2021 has significant effects on the occupational dermatological care and expert assessment of this occupational disease. For less severe occupational skin diseases, however, the preventive dermatologist's procedure established since 1972 will continue to apply.
职业病 5101（“严重或反复发作的皮肤病，迫使患者避免所有可能导致疾病发展、加重或复发的活动”）是德国最常报告的职业病。自 1936 年以来，为了认定这种职业病，就需要有医疗上避免危险工作活动的客观义务，这是为了界定轻微疾病，便于确定职业因果关系并促进预防。自 2021 年 1 月 1 日起，取消作为认定职业病 5101 的标准的回避危险工作活动的法律义务，这对这种职业病的职业皮肤科护理和专家评估产生了重大影响。然而，对于不太严重的职业性皮肤病，自 1972 年以来建立的预防性皮肤科医生程序仍将适用。
