Lehmann Helmar C, Schoser Benedikt, Wunderlich Gilbert, Berlit Peter, Fink Gereon R
Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Köln, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Köln, Deutschland.
LMU Klinikum, Friedrich-Baur-Institut, Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2021 Jun;92(6):540-547. doi: 10.1007/s00115-021-01094-0. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
In recent months various disorders and diseases of the peripheral nerves (including cranial nerves) and the musculature have been described in association with the pulmonary disease coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In the first part of our review the current knowledge about a potential association of a SARS-CoV‑2 infection with dysfunction and diseases of cranial and peripheral nerves is discussed. Anosmia, ageusia, motor cranial nerve involvement and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) were described in a temporal association with a SARS-CoV‑2 infection. Several studies could show that anosmia and ageusia were frequent symptoms of a SARS-CoV‑2 infection. In contrast the failure of other cranial nerves has so far only been sporadically described. A number of case reports and case series indicate a causal association between a SARS-CoV‑2 infection and GBS but epidemiological evidence is still lacking.
近几个月来,已经有各种外周神经(包括颅神经)和肌肉组织的疾病被描述与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)相关。在我们综述的第一部分,讨论了关于SARS-CoV-2感染与颅神经和外周神经功能障碍及疾病之间潜在关联的现有知识。嗅觉丧失、味觉丧失、运动性颅神经受累和吉兰-巴雷综合征(GBS)被描述与SARS-CoV-2感染存在时间上的关联。多项研究表明,嗅觉丧失和味觉丧失是SARS-CoV-2感染的常见症状。相比之下,其他颅神经功能障碍目前仅偶尔有报道。一些病例报告和病例系列表明SARS-CoV-2感染与GBS之间存在因果关联,但仍缺乏流行病学证据。