SNA-EPIS Laboratory, University of Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.
Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2021 Jul;31(7):1534-1544. doi: 10.1111/sms.13961. Epub 2021 May 2.
Although recent trials have shown promising benefits of exercise on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity, the long-term effect of these interventions remains unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a 9-month community physical activity program on OSA severity one year later in free-living conditions. OSA patients, previously included in a 9-month randomized controlled trial (EXESAS study) evaluating the effects of supervised community physical activity on OSA severity, were invited to participate in an extra one-year observational study. Twenty-eight patients completed the study. Although OSA severity did not significantly worsen over the real-life period (9 to 21 months of follow-up), reductions in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen desaturation index were no longer significant after 21 months of follow-up compared to baseline (baseline AHI: 22.2 ± 6.3 /h; 9 months: 16.3 ± 6.4 /h; 21 months: 18.7 ± 8.9 /h). Benefits observed at 9 months on daytime sleepiness and mental health were preserved at 21 months, whereas cardiorespiratory fitness slightly decreased. Per-protocol analysis revealed that patients who stopped exercise at 9 months had worsened OSA severity compared to those who continued exercise during the real-life period (AHI: +9.0 ± 8.8 vs. -1.3 ± 5.3 /h; p < .01). In conclusion, our study suggested that improvements in OSA severity remain transient and is dependent on long-term adherence to regular physical activity practice.
尽管最近的试验表明运动对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）严重程度有积极影响，但这些干预措施的长期效果尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估为期 9 个月的社区体育活动方案对 OSA 严重程度的影响，在 1 年后的自由生活条件下进行评估。先前参与评估监督社区体育活动对 OSA 严重程度影响的 9 个月随机对照试验（EXESAS 研究）的 OSA 患者被邀请参加为期 1 年的额外观察研究。28 名患者完成了研究。虽然在现实生活期间 OSA 严重程度没有明显恶化（9 至 21 个月的随访），但与基线相比，21 个月的随访中呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）和氧减指数的降低不再显著（基线 AHI：22.2 ± 6.3 /h；9 个月：16.3 ± 6.4 /h；21 个月：18.7 ± 8.9 /h）。9 个月时观察到的白天嗜睡和心理健康方面的益处在 21 个月时仍然存在，而心肺功能适应性略有下降。方案分析显示，与在现实生活期间继续运动的患者相比，9 个月时停止运动的患者 OSA 严重程度恶化（AHI：+9.0 ± 8.8 与 -1.3 ± 5.3 /h；p <.01）。总之，我们的研究表明，OSA 严重程度的改善仍然是短暂的，取决于长期坚持定期体育锻炼。
