College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.
Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Terra, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Liege University, Gembloux, Belgium.
Pest Manag Sci. 2021 Jul;77(7):3341-3348. doi: 10.1002/ps.6378. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
Semiochemical use is a promising way to reduce damage from pests by improving natural control in agro-ecosystems. The aphid alarm pheromone (E)-β-farnesene (EβF) and herbivore-induced methyl salicylate (MeSA) are two volatile cues to induce changes in aphid behavior with functional significance. Because of limitations related to the volatility and oxidization of EβF and MeSA under natural conditions, slow-release and antioxidant techniques should be developed and optimized before application. Here, a slow-release alginate bead of EβF mixed with MeSA was first designed and manufactured. We hypothesized that a mixture of these two semiochemicals could be effective in controlling Sitobion miscanthi in wheat crops. Both MeSA and EβF in alginate beads were released stably and continuously for at least 15 days in the laboratory, whereas EβF in paraffin oil and pure MeSA were released for only 2 and 7 days, respectively. In 2018 field experiments, EβF and MeSA alone or in association significantly decreased the abundance of alate and apterous aphids. An increased abundance of mummified aphids enhanced by higher parasitism rates was observed when using EβF and MeSA in association, with a significant reduction of apterous abundance, more so than EβF or MeSA alone. In 2019, plots treated with a mixture of EβF and MeSA showed significantly decreased abundance of alate and apterous aphids with higher parasitism rates compared with the control. The new slow-release alginate bead containing a mixture of EβF with MeSA could be the most efficient formulation to control S. miscanthi population by attracting parasitoids in the wheat agro-ecosystem. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
半化学物质的使用是一种很有前途的方法，可以通过改善农业生态系统中的自然控制来减少害虫造成的损害。蚜虫报警信息素（E）-β-法呢烯（EβF）和取食诱导的甲基水杨酸（MeSA）是两种挥发性线索，可以诱导蚜虫行为发生改变，具有功能意义。由于 EβF 和 MeSA 在自然条件下的挥发性和氧化性的限制，在应用之前应该开发和优化缓释和抗氧化技术。在这里，首次设计和制造了一种 EβF 与 MeSA 混合的缓释海藻酸钠珠。我们假设，这两种半化学物质的混合物可以有效地控制小麦作物上的麦二叉蚜。在实验室中，海藻酸钠珠中的 MeSA 和 EβF 至少稳定且持续释放了 15 天，而在石蜡油和纯 MeSA 中的 EβF 分别仅释放了 2 天和 7 天。在 2018 年田间试验中，EβF 和 MeSA 单独或联合使用显著降低了有翅和无翅蚜虫的丰度。当 EβF 和 MeSA 联合使用时，观察到更高的寄生率导致的木乃伊蚜虫丰度增加，与单独使用 EβF 或 MeSA 相比，无翅蚜虫丰度显著降低。在 2019 年，与对照相比，用 EβF 和 MeSA 混合物处理的地块中，有翅和无翅蚜虫的丰度显著降低，寄生率也更高。含有 EβF 与 MeSA 混合物的新型缓释海藻酸钠珠可能是通过在小麦农业生态系统中吸引寄生蜂来控制麦二叉蚜种群的最有效配方。© 2021 化学工业协会。© 2021 化学工业协会。
