Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pharmacology and International Cancer Centre, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, P. R. China.
Cancer Commun (Lond). 2021 Jun;41(6):442-471. doi: 10.1002/cac2.12156. Epub 2021 Mar 27.
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer encompasses a range of malignancies that originate in the digestive system, which together represent the most common form of cancer diagnosed worldwide. However, despite numerous advances in both diagnostics and treatment, the incidence and mortality rate of GI cancer are on the rise. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that increase in number under certain pathological conditions, such as infection and inflammation, and this expansion is of particular relevance to cancer. MDSCs are heavily involved in the regulation of the immune system and act to dampen its response to tumors, favoring the escape of tumor cells from immunosurveillance and increasing both metastasis and recurrence. Several recent studies have supported the use of MDSCs as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with cancer, and potentially as a novel treatment target. In the present review, the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs are described, and recent researches concerning the involvement of MDSCs in the progression, prognosis, and therapies of GI cancer are reviewed. The aim of this work was to present the development of novel treatments targeting MDSCs in GI cancer in the hope of improving outcomes for patients with this condition.
胃肠道（GI）癌症包括一系列起源于消化系统的恶性肿瘤，它们共同构成了全球最常见的癌症诊断形式。然而，尽管在诊断和治疗方面取得了许多进展，胃肠道癌症的发病率和死亡率仍在上升。髓系来源的抑制细胞（MDSCs）是一群异质性的未成熟髓系细胞，在某些病理条件下，如感染和炎症，其数量会增加，这种扩增与癌症尤其相关。MDSCs 大量参与免疫系统的调节，并抑制其对肿瘤的反应，有利于肿瘤细胞逃避免疫监视，增加转移和复发的可能性。最近的几项研究支持将 MDSCs 作为癌症患者的预后和预测生物标志物，并可能作为一种新的治疗靶点。在本综述中，描述了 MDSCs 免疫抑制功能的相关机制，并回顾了 MDSCs 参与 GI 癌症进展、预后和治疗的最新研究。本研究旨在介绍针对 GI 癌症中 MDSCs 的新型治疗方法的发展，以期改善此类患者的预后。
