Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea.
Nutrition. 2021 Jul-Aug;87-88:111190. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111190. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
Childhood obesity is a critical health issue. The etiology of childhood obesity is multifactorial, with age, gender, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status interacting to affect risk. Food insecurity is known to be associated with risk of childhood obesity, but the body of evidence regarding Koreans is lacking. This study investigated the association between childhood obesity and household food insecurity in Koreans. Other lifestyle and nutritional factors associated with obesity were also examined.
Using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 1527 boys and 1366 girls. A comparison of general characteristics and nutritional intake between the groups was made using Student's t tests, χ tests, and general linear models. The association between childhood obesity and food insecurity was estimated with logistic regression models, and presented with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals either with or without covariates.
Boys who were obese dined out less frequently and engaged less in regular exercise, but no differences in nutrition intake were observed between children who were and were not obese. Girls who were obese were less likely to have a caregiver and consumed a higher percentage of energy from protein. Boys experiencing household food insecurity were less likely to be obese (adjusted odds ratio, 0.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.06-0.99), but girls with food insecurity were at three times higher risk of obesity (adjusted odds ratio, 3.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-7.31).
Differential lifestyle factors are associated with obesity phenotypes in boys and girls. Food insecurity also showed a contrasting association with obesity risk by gender in young Koreans.
儿童肥胖是一个严重的健康问题。儿童肥胖的病因是多因素的，年龄、性别、种族/民族和社会经济地位相互作用，影响风险。已知粮食不安全与儿童肥胖的风险有关，但缺乏关于韩国人的证据。本研究调查了韩国儿童肥胖与家庭粮食不安全之间的关系。还研究了与肥胖相关的其他生活方式和营养因素。
使用来自韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的数据，进行了一项横断面研究，共纳入 1527 名男孩和 1366 名女孩。使用学生 t 检验、χ 检验和一般线性模型比较两组的一般特征和营养摄入。使用逻辑回归模型估计儿童肥胖与粮食不安全之间的关联，并以比值比和 95%置信区间表示，无论是否有协变量。
肥胖男孩外出就餐频率较低，定期锻炼较少，但肥胖和非肥胖儿童的营养摄入无差异。肥胖女孩的照顾者较少，从蛋白质中获得的能量百分比较高。经历家庭粮食不安全的男孩肥胖的可能性较低（调整后的比值比，0.25；95%置信区间，0.06-0.99），但粮食不安全的女孩肥胖的风险高 3 倍（调整后的比值比，3.00；95%置信区间，1.23-7.31）。
不同的生活方式因素与男孩和女孩的肥胖表型有关。粮食不安全也表现出与韩国年轻人群体肥胖风险的性别相反的关联。
