Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434024, China.
Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China.
Food Chem. 2021 Aug 30;354:129498. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129498. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Creatine improves flesh quality on mammalian but studies on crustaceans are scarce. In the present study, diets with six levels of creatine (1.23, 2.58, 5.12, 8.28, 14.12, 24.49 g kg diet) were hand-fed to juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei (IBW: 1.50 ± 0.02 g) reared in freshwater for 46 days. Results showed creatine supplementation did not affect the growth performance (FBW: 17.04 ± 1.28 g) or the content of guanidinoacetic acid in muscle and hepatopancreas whereas significantly increased muscular creatine content. Diet with 8.28 g kg creatine significantly increased muscular hardness and chewiness by decreasing myofiber diameter and increasing myofiber density. Additionally, creatine downregulated the mRNA expression of fast sMyHC1, sMyHC2, sMyHC6a and upregulated slow sMyHC5 and sMyHC15 mRNA expression. Muscular protein, collagen, total amino acid and flavor amino acid contents increased with creatine supplementation. In conclusion, the diet with 8.28 g kg creatine improved the flesh quality of L. vannamei.
肌酸可改善哺乳动物的肉质，但有关甲壳类动物的研究却很少。本研究在淡水条件下，用含有 6 种不同肌酸水平（1.23、2.58、5.12、8.28、14.12、24.49 g kg-1 饲料）的饲料对凡纳滨对虾（初始体重为 1.50±0.02 g）进行了 46 天的投喂。结果表明，肌酸的添加并未影响生长性能（FBW：17.04±1.28 g）或肌肉和肝胰腺中胍基乙酸的含量，但显著增加了肌肉中的肌酸含量。饲料中添加 8.28 g kg-1 的肌酸可通过降低肌纤维直径和增加肌纤维密度来显著提高肌肉硬度和咀嚼性。此外，肌酸下调了快型 sMyHC1、sMyHC2、sMyHC6a 的 mRNA 表达，上调了慢型 sMyHC5 和 sMyHC15 的 mRNA 表达。肌肉蛋白、胶原蛋白、总氨基酸和风味氨基酸含量随肌酸的添加而增加。综上所述，饲料中添加 8.28 g kg-1 的肌酸可改善凡纳滨对虾的肉质。
