Afridi Ruqayya, Seol Sihwan, Kang Hyo Jung, Suk Kyoungho
Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science & Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2021 Jun;188:114532. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114532. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders has been a challenging quest for neurobiologists. Recent years have witnessed enormous technological advances in the field of neuroimmunology, blurring boundaries between the central nervous system and the periphery. Consequently, the discipline has expanded to cover interactions between the nervous and immune systems in health and diseases. The complex interplay between the peripheral and central immune pathways in neuropsychiatric disorders has recently been documented in various studies, but the genetic determinants remain elusive. Recent transcriptome studies have identified dysregulated genes involved in peripheral immune cell activation, blood-brain barrier integrity, glial cell activation, and synaptic plasticity in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia. Herein, the key transcriptomic techniques applied in investigating differentially expressed genes and pathways responsible for altered brain-immune interactions in neuropsychiatric disorders are discussed. The application of transcriptomics that can aid in identifying molecular targets in various neuropsychiatric disorders is highlighted.
对于神经生物学家来说，了解神经精神疾病的病理生理机制一直是一项具有挑战性的任务。近年来，神经免疫学领域取得了巨大的技术进步，模糊了中枢神经系统和外周之间的界限。因此，该学科已扩展到涵盖健康和疾病状态下神经和免疫系统之间的相互作用。神经精神疾病中外周和中枢免疫途径之间复杂的相互作用最近在各种研究中得到了记录，但基因决定因素仍然难以捉摸。最近的转录组研究已经确定了在重度抑郁症、双相情感障碍、自闭症谱系障碍和精神分裂症中，与外周免疫细胞激活、血脑屏障完整性、胶质细胞激活和突触可塑性相关的失调基因。本文讨论了用于研究神经精神疾病中脑-免疫相互作用改变所涉及的差异表达基因和途径的关键转录组技术。重点介绍了转录组学在识别各种神经精神疾病分子靶点方面的应用。
