Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Int J Drug Policy. 2021 Aug;94:103229. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103229. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
This paper explores the perceptions of 35 key informants (KIs) in a range of relevant health and community sectors regarding the stigmatisation of GBM's crystal methamphetamine use and sexual practice with view to informing stigma reduction efforts. A modified social ecological model was used to guide analysis and interpretation. At the individual level, KI participants indicated that crystal methamphetamine was used by some GBM to reduce the effects of internalised stigma. At the network level, KIs thought that some drugs and types of use could attract more stigma and that this could erode support from GBM networks for men who use crystal. KIs felt that few "mainstream" organisations could provide appropriate services for GBM who use crystal and furthermore, that there was significant work to "undo" misperceptions of the harms of crystal use. At the policy level, mass media anti-drug campaigns were seen to be a significant generator of stigma with irrelevant and patronising messages that lacked useful information. Efforts to reduce stigma about crystal methamphetamine use amongst GBM must address individual, network, organisation and policy issues and be underpinned by understandings of social power in relation to sex, sexuality, drug use, infectious status and sexual minorities.
本文探讨了 35 名关键信息提供者（KIs）在一系列相关卫生和社区部门中对 GBM 冰毒使用和性行为污名化的看法，以期为减少污名化工作提供信息。采用改良的社会生态模型来指导分析和解释。在个体层面上，KIs 参与者表示，一些 GBM 使用冰毒来减轻内化污名的影响。在网络层面上，KIs 认为某些毒品和使用类型可能会引起更多的污名化，这可能会削弱 GBM 网络对使用冰毒的男性的支持。KIs 认为，很少有“主流”组织能够为使用冰毒的 GBM 提供适当的服务，此外，还有大量工作要做，以“消除”对冰毒使用危害的误解。在政策层面上，反毒品大众媒体运动被视为产生污名的重要因素，其信息与毒品使用、传染性状况和性少数群体无关且带有贬低意味，缺乏有用信息。减少 GBM 对冰毒使用污名化的努力必须解决个人、网络、组织和政策问题，并以对与性、性取向、毒品使用、传染性状况和性少数群体相关的社会权力的理解为基础。
