Sciences Department, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Alexandru I. Cuza University, Iaşi, Romania.
J Drug Target. 2021 Dec;29(10):1063-1079. doi: 10.1080/1061186X.2021.1906885. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
In recent years, remarkable progress was registered in the field of cancer research. Though, cancer still represents a major cause of death and cancer metastasis a problem seeking for urgent solutions as it is the main reason for therapeutic failure. Unfortunately, the most common chemotherapeutic agents are non-selective and can damage healthy tissues and cause side effects that affect dramatically the quality of life of the patients. Targeted therapy with molecules that act specifically at the tumour sites interacting with overexpressed cancer receptors is a very promising strategy for achieving the specific delivery of anticancer drugs, radioisotopes or imaging agents. This review aims to give an overview on different strategies for targeting cancer cell receptors localised either at the extracellular matrix or at the cell membrane. Molecules like antibodies, aptamers and peptides targeting the cell surface are presented with advantages and disadvantages, with emphasis on peptides. The most representative peptides are described, including cell penetrating peptides, homing and anticancer peptides with particular consideration on recent discoveries.
近年来，癌症研究领域取得了显著进展。尽管如此，癌症仍然是主要的死亡原因，癌症转移是一个亟待解决的问题，因为它是治疗失败的主要原因。不幸的是，最常见的化疗药物是非选择性的，会损伤健康组织并引起副作用，严重影响患者的生活质量。利用专门作用于肿瘤部位的分子进行靶向治疗，与过表达的癌症受体相互作用，是实现抗癌药物、放射性同位素或成像剂特异性递送的很有前途的策略。本文综述了针对定位于细胞外基质或细胞膜的癌细胞受体的不同靶向策略。本文介绍了针对细胞表面的分子，如抗体、适体和肽，讨论了它们的优缺点，并重点介绍了肽。描述了最具代表性的肽，包括细胞穿透肽、归巢肽和抗癌肽，并特别考虑了最近的发现。
