Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Drug Target. 2021 Dec;29(10):1048-1062. doi: 10.1080/1061186X.2021.1906884. Epub 2021 Apr 7.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and the search for specialised therapy options has been a challenge for decades. The emergence of active targeted therapies provides the opportunity to treat cancerous tissues without harming healthy ones due to peculiar physiological changes. Herein, peptides and peptide analogs have been gaining a lot of attention over the last decade, especially for the on-site delivery of therapeutics to target tissues in order to achieve efficient and reliable cancer treatment. Combining peptides with highly efficient drug delivery platforms could potentially eliminate off-target adverse effects encountered during active targeting of conventional chemotherapeutics. Small size, ease of production and characterisation, low immunogenicity and satisfactory binding affinity of peptides offer some advantages over other complex targeting moiety, no wonder the market of peptide-based drugs continues to expand expeditiously. It is estimated that the global peptide drug market will be worth around USD 48.04 billion by 2025, with a compound annual growth rate of 9.4%. In this review, the current state of art of peptide-based therapeutics with special interest on tumour targeting peptides has been discussed. Moreover, various active targeting strategies such as the use functionalised peptides or peptide analogs are also elaborated.
癌症是全球第二大死亡原因，几十年来，人们一直在寻找专门的治疗方法，但一直未能如愿。由于存在特殊的生理变化，主动靶向疗法的出现为人们提供了在不伤害健康组织的情况下治疗癌组织的机会。在过去十年中，肽和肽类似物受到了广泛关注，特别是用于将治疗剂递送到靶组织以实现高效和可靠的癌症治疗的现场。将肽与高效药物输送平台结合使用，可能会消除在主动靶向传统化疗药物时遇到的脱靶不良反应。与其他复杂的靶向部分相比，肽具有体积小、易于生产和表征、免疫原性低、结合亲和力高的特点，这是其优势所在，这也难怪肽类药物市场仍在迅速扩张。据估计，到 2025 年，全球肽类药物市场价值将达到约 480.4 亿美元，复合年增长率为 9.4%。本文讨论了基于肽的治疗药物的最新进展，特别关注肿瘤靶向肽。此外，还详细阐述了各种主动靶向策略，如使用功能化肽或肽类似物。
