Lourenco Jeferson M, Hampton Rachel S, Johnson Hannah M, Callaway Todd R, Rothrock Michael J, Azain Michael J
Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
U.S. National Poultry Research Center, USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS), Athens, GA, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Mar 12;8:601394. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.601394. eCollection 2021.
This study investigated the use of carbadox in the diet of nursery pigs. Ten pens of weanling piglets were assigned to 2 treatments: one containing carbadox and another without it. From days 21 to 35 of age, the first group of piglets was fed carbadox at 55 mg/kg of diet; followed by 27.5 mg/kg from days 36 to 49; and 0 mg/kg from days 50 to 63. The second group of pigs was fed a control diet without carbadox from days 21 to 63 of age. On days 35, 49, and 63, fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of 2 piglets in each pen, and the samples were subjected to microbial DNA sequencing and metagenomic functional analysis using the 16S rRNA gene. Feed conversion from days 21 to 63 was improved ( = 0.04) in the group of piglets fed carbadox. Faith's phylogenetic diversity was similar ( = 0.89) for both groups of piglets on day 35, but it was diminished ( = 0.01) in the carbadox-fed group on day 49; however, following the complete removal of carbadox from their diets, this microbial diversity index was once again found to be similar ( = 0.27) in both groups on day 63. Likewise, abundances of , and were all similar between the two groups ( ≥ 0.40) on day 35, but were smaller in the carbadox group ( ≤ 0.05) on day 49; however, on day 63, abundances of all these genera were once again similar ( ≥ 0.29). Metabolic pathways involved in cellular growth, death, and genetic information processing (translation) were found to be similarly expressed in the microbiota of piglets from both groups on day 35 ( ≥ 0.52), but decreased in the carbadox group on day 49 ( ≤ 0.05), and were similar again in both groups on day 63 ( ≥ 0.51). These results revealed that feeding carbadox to piglets during the first 4 weeks after weaning significantly affected their fecal microbiotas; however, 2 weeks after the removal of carbadox, those changes tended to disappear, indicating that the shifts were carbadox-dependent.
本研究调查了卡巴多司在保育仔猪日粮中的使用情况。将10栏断奶仔猪分为2组处理：一组日粮中含有卡巴多司，另一组不含。在21至35日龄期间，第一组仔猪饲喂含55毫克/千克卡巴多司的日粮；36至49日龄时，饲喂量为27.5毫克/千克；50至63日龄时，饲喂量为0毫克/千克。第二组仔猪在21至63日龄期间饲喂不含卡巴多司的对照日粮。在35、49和63日龄时，直接从每栏的2头仔猪直肠采集粪便样本，并使用16S rRNA基因对样本进行微生物DNA测序和宏基因组功能分析。在21至63日龄期间，饲喂卡巴多司的仔猪组饲料转化率得到改善（P = 0.04）。在35日龄时，两组仔猪的费思系统发育多样性相似（P = 0.89），但在49日龄时，饲喂卡巴多司的组中该多样性降低（P = 0.01）；然而，在日粮中完全去除卡巴多司后，在63日龄时发现两组的这种微生物多样性指数再次相似（P = 0.27）。同样，在35日龄时，两组中大肠杆菌、双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的丰度均相似（P≥0.40），但在49日龄时，卡巴多司组中的丰度较小（P≤0.05）；然而，在63日龄时，所有这些菌属的丰度再次相似（P≥0.29）。在35日龄时，发现两组仔猪微生物群中参与细胞生长、死亡和遗传信息处理（翻译）的代谢途径表达相似（P≥0.52），但在49日龄时，卡巴多司组中这些途径减少（P≤0.05），在63日龄时两组再次相似（P≥0.51）。这些结果表明，断奶后前4周给仔猪饲喂卡巴多司会显著影响其粪便微生物群；然而，在去除卡巴多司2周后，这些变化趋于消失，表明这些变化依赖于卡巴多司。
