Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador.
Departamento de Patologia, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2021 Apr;83(4):545-554. doi: 10.1007/s10493-021-00610-w. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
From May to November 2013, ticks were collected from wild and domestic hosts that were sampled by convenience in different localities of El Salvador. Among 48 localities, in total 1181 ticks were collected from 200 vertebrate animals, comprising 13 species of wild hosts (amphibian, reptiles, mammals) and five species of domestic mammals, plus four samples from humans and four samples from the environment. Through morphological analysis (corroborated by molecular analyses in a few cases), the following ten tick species were identified: Amblyomma dissimile, Amblyomma mixtum, Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma cf. parvum, Amblyomma sabanerae, Amblyomma scutatum, Dermacentor dissimilis, Dermacentor nitens, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Among a sample of 211 tick specimens tested for rickettsial infection by molecular methods, we identified: 'Candidatus Rickettsia colombianensi' in 10% of the A. dissimile ticks and 11% of the A. scutatum ticks; Rickettsia amblyommatis in 77% of the A. mixtum ticks, 50% of the A. cf. parvum ticks, 8% of the D. nitens ticks, and 11% of the Amblyomma spp. nymphs; and Rickettsia bellii in 3% of the A. dissimile ticks and 17% of the A. ovale ticks. The tick fauna of El Salvador is currently represented by 12 reported species.
2013 年 5 月至 11 月，我们从萨尔瓦多不同地区通过随机抽样采集的野生动物和家养动物身上收集了蜱虫。在 48 个地点中，我们共从 200 只脊椎动物身上采集到 1181 只蜱虫，这些动物包括 13 种野生动物（两栖动物、爬行动物、哺乳动物）和 5 种家养哺乳动物，另外还有来自 4 名人类和 4 份环境样本的蜱虫。通过形态分析（在少数情况下通过分子分析加以证实），我们确定了以下 10 种蜱虫：扁虱、混合扁虱、卵形扁虱、近似小扁虱、萨巴纳扁虱、扇头扁虱、异刺革蜱、银盾革蜱、微小牛蜱和血厉螨（广义）。在通过分子方法检测 211 个蜱虫样本的立克次体感染情况的研究中，我们发现：在 10%的 A. dissimile 蜱虫和 11%的 A. scutatum 蜱虫中发现了“哥伦比亚立克次体候选种”；在 77%的 A. mixtum 蜱虫、50%的 A. cf. parvum 蜱虫、8%的 D. nitens 蜱虫和 11%的 Amblyomma spp. 若虫中发现了 Rickettsia amblyommatis；在 3%的 A. dissimile 蜱虫和 17%的 A. ovale 蜱虫中发现了 Rickettsia bellii。萨尔瓦多的蜱虫区系目前由 12 种已报告的物种组成。
