Baddeley A, Wilson B
MRC Applied Psychology Unit, Cambridge, England.
Brain Cogn. 1988 Apr;7(2):212-30. doi: 10.1016/0278-2626(88)90031-0.
This study analyzes the memory deficits shown by an amnesic patient with bilateral frontal damage and a dysexecutive syndrome. He resembles a classic amnesic patient in showing grossly impaired episodic memory for both verbal and nonverbal material, together with normal digit span, and on occasion normal recency in free recall. He differs from the classic amnesic pattern however in showing an impairment in both the speed and accuracy of performance on tests of semantic memory, and in clear evidence for impaired performance on some though not all procedural learning tasks. Finally, his autobiographical memory was poor and subject to substantial confabulation. It is suggested that the pattern of deficits is consistent with a combination of a classic amnesic syndrome with the additional problems associated with the frontal dysexecutive syndrome, rather than exhibiting a qualitatively different form of amnesia.
本研究分析了一名患有双侧额叶损伤及执行功能障碍综合征的遗忘症患者所表现出的记忆缺陷。他与典型的遗忘症患者相似，在对言语和非言语材料的情节记忆方面严重受损，数字广度正常，且在自由回忆中偶尔近期记忆正常。然而，他与典型的遗忘症模式不同，在语义记忆测试中表现出执行速度和准确性的损伤，并且有明确证据表明在一些（但并非全部）程序性学习任务中表现受损。最后，他的自传体记忆很差，且存在大量虚构。研究表明，这种缺陷模式与典型遗忘症综合征以及额叶执行功能障碍综合征相关的其他问题相结合是一致的，而不是表现出一种性质不同的遗忘症形式。
