Lu Lu, Xiong Weixi, Mu Jie, Zhang Qi, Zhang Hesheng, Zou Ling, Li Weimin, He Li, Sander Josemir W, Zhou Dong
Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
DInstitute of Brain science and Brain-inspired technology of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Acta Neurol Scand. 2021 Jul;144(1):3-12. doi: 10.1111/ane.13417. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
The coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic with people infected in almost all countries. The most efficient solution to end this pandemic is a safe and efficient vaccine. Classic platforms are used to develop vaccines including live-attenuated vaccine, inactivated vaccine, protein subunit vaccine, and viral vector. Nucleic acid vaccine uses next-generation platforms for their development. Vaccines are now rushing to the market. Eleven candidates are in advance development. These comprise inactivated vaccines, viral vector vaccine, nucleic acid vaccine, and the protein subunit vaccine platform, which are now quite advanced in trials in various geographic and ethnic populations. The reported severe adverse effects raised the worries about their safety. It becomes critical to know whether these vaccines will cause neurologic disorders like previously recognized vaccine-related demyelinating diseases, fever-induced seizure, and other possible deficits. We reviewed the most promising COVID-2 vaccines with a particular interest in mechanism(s) and adverse effect(s). We exemplify potential neurological problems these vaccines could cause by looking at previous studies. The current evidence indicated a minor risk of the acute neurological disorders after the application. The observation of the long-time effect is still needed.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的2019冠状病毒病已成为一场大流行，几乎所有国家都有人感染。结束这场大流行的最有效解决方案是一种安全有效的疫苗。经典平台被用于开发疫苗，包括减毒活疫苗、灭活疫苗、蛋白亚单位疫苗和病毒载体。核酸疫苗使用下一代平台进行开发。疫苗正在竞相推向市场。有11种候选疫苗处于前期开发阶段。这些包括灭活疫苗、病毒载体疫苗、核酸疫苗和蛋白亚单位疫苗平台，目前在不同地理和种族人群的试验中进展相当顺利。报告的严重不良反应引发了人们对其安全性的担忧。了解这些疫苗是否会像之前确认的疫苗相关脱髓鞘疾病、发热引起的癫痫发作以及其他可能的缺陷那样导致神经疾病变得至关重要。我们审查了最有前景的COVID-2疫苗，特别关注其作用机制和不良反应。我们通过回顾以前的研究来举例说明这些疫苗可能导致的潜在神经问题。目前的证据表明接种后急性神经疾病的风险较小。仍需要观察长期影响。
