孕产妇健康素养与母婴保健：老挝南部两省的社区集群调查。
Maternal health literacy on mother and child health care: A community cluster survey in two southern provinces in Laos.
机构信息
Institute of Research and Education Development, University of Health Sciences, Ministry of Health, Vientiane, Lao PDR.
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Athena Institute and Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 29;16(3):e0244181. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244181. eCollection 2021.
RATIONAL
Increased maternal health literacy (MHL) has contributed considerably to maternal and child health outcomes in many countries. Malnutrition, and low coverage of child vaccination and breastfeeding are major health concerns in Laos, but there is little insight into mothers' literacy on these issues. The aim of this study was to identify the level of MHL of Lao mothers and to explore factors influencing it, in order to provide evidence that can inform policies and planning of health services.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a questionnaire on health literacy (ability to access, understand, appraise and apply health-related information) in relation to care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. We interviewed 384 mothers with children aged under five years; 197 from urban and 187 from rural areas. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Overall, MHL of Lao mothers was very low in both urban and rural areas; 80% of mothers had either inadequate or problematic MHL, while only 17.4% had sufficient and 3.5% excellent MHL. The MHL scores were significantly higher in urban than in rural areas. One third of mothers found it very difficult to access, understand, appraise and apply information on mother and child (MCH). Health personnel were the main source of MCH information for the mothers. Years of schooling, own income, health status, and number of ANC visits significantly predicted a higher level of MHL (R square = 0.250; adjusted R square = 0.240, P = <0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
MHL of Lao mothers was inadequate in both urban and rural areas. Socio-demographics and key practices of the mothers were significantly associated with a better level of MHL. Health education on MHL to mothers in both urban and rural areas needs attention, and could best be done by improving the quality of health providers' provision of information.
目的
提高孕产妇健康素养（MHL）对许多国家的母婴健康结果有重要贡献。营养不良、儿童疫苗接种和母乳喂养覆盖率低是老挝的主要健康问题，但对母亲在这些问题上的读写能力知之甚少。本研究旨在确定老挝母亲的 MHL 水平，并探讨影响其 MHL 的因素，以为卫生服务政策和规划提供依据。
方法
采用与妊娠、分娩和产后期间保健相关的健康素养（获取、理解、评估和应用健康相关信息的能力）问卷进行横断面调查。共访谈了 384 名 5 岁以下儿童的母亲；其中 197 名来自城市，187 名来自农村。采用描述性和推断性统计方法对数据进行分析。
结果
总体而言，城乡母亲的 MHL 都很低；80%的母亲 MHL 不足或存在问题，仅有 17.4%的母亲 MHL 充足，3.5%的母亲 MHL 优秀。城市母亲的 MHL 评分显著高于农村母亲。三分之一的母亲发现获取、理解、评估和应用母婴健康（MCH）信息非常困难。卫生保健人员是母亲获取 MCH 信息的主要来源。受教育年限、自有收入、健康状况和 ANC 就诊次数显著预测 MHL 水平更高（R 平方=0.250；调整 R 平方=0.240，P<0.001）。
结论
城乡母亲的 MHL 均不足。母亲的社会人口统计学特征和主要做法与更好的 MHL 水平显著相关。需要关注城乡母亲的 MHL 健康教育，通过提高卫生提供者提供信息的质量，最好能做到这一点。
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