Research and Development, MCI Santé Animale, ZI Sud-Ouest B.P: 278, Mohammedia, 28810, Morocco.
Research and Development, MCI Santé Animale, ZI Sud-Ouest B.P: 278, Mohammedia, 28810, Morocco.
Vet Microbiol. 2021 May;256:109046. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109046. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) and Bluetongue (BT) are the main ruminants viral vector-borne diseases. LSD is endemic in Africa and has recently emerged in Europe and central Asia as a major threat to cattle industry. BT caused great economic damage in Europe during the last decade with a continuous spread to other countries. To control these diseases, vaccination is the only economically viable tool. For LSD, only live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) are commercially available, whilst for BT both LAVs and inactivated vaccines are available with a limited number of serotypes. In this study, we developed an inactivated, oil adjuvanted bivalent vaccine against both diseases based on LSDV Neethling strain and BTV4. The vaccine was tested for safety and immunogenicity on cattle during a one-year period. Post-vaccination monitoring was carried out by VNT and ELISA. The vaccine was completely safe and elicited high neutralizing antibodies starting from the first week following the second injection up to one year. Furthermore, a significant correlation (R = 0.9040) was observed when comparing VNT and competitive ELISA in BTV4 serological response. Following BTV4 challenge, none of vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle were registered clinical signs, however vaccinated cattle showed full protection from viraemia. In summary, this study highlights the effectiveness of this combined vaccine as a promising solution for both LSD and BT control. It also puts an emphasis on the need for the development of other multivalent inactivated vaccines, which could be greatly beneficial for improving vaccination coverage in endemic countries and prophylaxis of vector-borne diseases.
块状皮肤病（LSD）和蓝舌病（BT）是主要的反刍动物病毒载体病。LSD 在非洲流行，最近在欧洲和中亚出现，成为牛业的主要威胁。BT 在过去十年中在欧洲造成了巨大的经济损失，并持续传播到其他国家。为了控制这些疾病，疫苗接种是唯一经济可行的工具。对于 LSD，只有减毒活疫苗（LAV）可商购，而对于 BT，既有 LAV 又有灭活疫苗，可预防的血清型有限。在这项研究中，我们基于 LSDV Neethling 株和 BTV4 开发了一种针对这两种疾病的灭活、油佐剂二价疫苗。该疫苗在一年期间在牛身上进行了安全性和免疫原性测试。疫苗接种后的监测通过 VNT 和 ELISA 进行。该疫苗完全安全，从第二次注射后的第一周开始，可引发高中和抗体，持续一年。此外，在 BTV4 血清学反应中，VNT 和竞争 ELISA 之间观察到显著相关性（R = 0.9040）。在 BTV4 攻毒后，接种和未接种的牛均未出现临床症状，但接种牛完全免受病毒血症的影响。总之，这项研究强调了这种联合疫苗作为控制 LSD 和 BT 的有效方法。它还强调了开发其他多价灭活疫苗的必要性，这对提高流行国家的疫苗接种覆盖率和预防媒介传播疾病将大有裨益。
