Pakistan Agriculture Research Council Institute of Advanced Studies in Agriculture, Islamabad, Pakistan.
National Institute of Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Mol Biol Rep. 2021 Mar;48(3):2411-2427. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06276-2. Epub 2021 Mar 29.
Pseudo-response regulator (PRR) gene family members play a significant role in plant circadian clocks, flowering time inflorescence architecture development during transition from vegetative growth phase to reproductive phase. In current study, we analyzed the expression profiling, phylogenetic relationship, and molecular characterization of PRR gene family members of common wheat by using IWGSC Ref seq v1.1 wheat genome database with a coverage rate of 90%. By using bioinformatic approach total 20 candidate gene sequences were identified and divided into six groups and four clades. It was found that mostly genes have same number of exons and introns showed similar features because they originated through duplication events during evolution processes. Although all the proteins have conserved PRR domains, but some are distinct in their sequences suggesting functional divergence. By comparative synteny analysis it was revealed that Group 1, 2, 3 and 11-D of group 4 have duplication events while group 5 and TaPRR9-B,10-D showed conservation with previously identified PRR members from rice. While expression variation of six groups from each analysis matches with each other. Five groups highly expressed in leaf, spike, and roots in pattern like leaf > spike > root at all three stages booting, heading and anthesis of spike development. This suggests that TaPRR genes play important roles in different photoperiod signaling pathways in different organs at different stages of spike development and flowering via unknown pathway. These findings will also provide comprehensive knowledge about future investigations on wheat PRR family members involved in complex network of circadian system for plant development.
拟受体调控因子（PRR）基因家族成员在植物生物钟、开花时间和花序结构发育中起着重要作用，在从营养生长阶段向生殖生长阶段的过渡过程中。在本研究中，我们利用 IWGSC Ref seq v1.1 小麦基因组数据库（覆盖率为 90%），分析了普通小麦 PRR 基因家族成员的表达谱、系统发育关系和分子特征。通过生物信息学方法，共鉴定出 20 个候选基因序列，并将其分为 6 组和 4 个分支。结果发现，大多数基因具有相同数目的外显子和内含子，表现出相似的特征，因为它们是在进化过程中通过重复事件产生的。虽然所有蛋白质都具有保守的 PRR 结构域，但由于序列上的差异，它们可能具有不同的功能。通过比较基因组分析，发现第 1 组、第 2 组、第 3 组和第 4 组的第 11-D 组发生了重复事件，而第 5 组和 TaPRR9-B、10-D 与之前从水稻中鉴定的 PRR 成员保持保守。而从每个分析中获得的六个组的表达变化彼此匹配。五个组在叶片、穗和根中高表达，在三个阶段（穗发育的拔节、抽穗和开花）中表现出叶>穗>根的模式。这表明 TaPRR 基因在不同器官和不同发育阶段的穗发育和开花过程中的不同光周期信号通路中发挥重要作用，其具体机制尚不清楚。这些发现将为进一步研究小麦 PRR 家族成员在植物发育的复杂生物钟网络中所涉及的功能提供全面的信息。
