药学与药学博士专业本科生的职业选择：态度与偏好
Career choices of Pharmacy and Pharm D undergraduates: attitudes and preferences.
作者信息
Jarab Anan S, Al-Qerem Walid, Mukattash Tareq L
机构信息
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman, 11733, Jordan.
出版信息
Heliyon. 2021 Mar 15;7(3):e06448. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06448. eCollection 2021 Mar.
BACKGROUND
The remarkably increasing number of graduated pharmacists necessitates exploring the current Pharmacy and Pharm D students' future career choices in order to help the health policy makers to enhance effective health and education workforce planning.
OBJECTIVE
To identify Pharmacy and Pharm D undergraduates' attitudes and preferences toward different career choices and the factors that influence their career choice.
METHODS
Across sectional study using the online survey web Question Pro was conducted on undergraduate Pharmacy and Pharm D students through the fall semester of the academic year 2019/2020 at four Colleges of Pharmacy in Jordan. In addition to demographics, the survey evaluated students' attitudes toward different career choices, career choices preferences and how different factors could influence this choice. Mann Whitney U test, Chi-square test, Friedman test, Wilcoxon and Multivariable linear regression were applied to analyze the data.
RESULTS
A total of 354 undergraduate Pharmacy and Pharm D students completed the survey. Medical coverage and insurance was the most important variable affecting the students' career choice. The total sample favorite career choice was Academic and Research Centers (mean = 2.57), followed by Pharmaceutical companies (mean = 2.38), Hospital Pharmacy (mean = 2.36), Industry (mean = 1.79), and lastly Retail or Community Pharmacy (mean = 1.78). Males were significantly more tended to have a higher favorability scores for the Pharmaceutical Companies career choice than females. PharmD students had a significantly more favorable attitudes towards Hospital Pharmacy than Pharmacy students, who had a significantly more favorable attitude towards Retail or Community Pharmacy and Industry than Pharm D students.
CONCLUSION
The current study provides baseline data necessary to formulate strategies in the educational institutions by incorporating different programs and lectures to expand the capabilities of pharmacy students to meet the requirements of different market sectors and change their mindset about the different pharmacy sectors.
背景
毕业药剂师数量显著增加，因此有必要探索当前药学专业和药学博士专业学生未来的职业选择，以帮助卫生政策制定者加强有效的卫生和教育劳动力规划。
目的
确定药学专业和药学博士专业本科生对不同职业选择的态度和偏好，以及影响他们职业选择的因素。
方法
在2019/2020学年秋季学期，通过在线调查平台Question Pro对约旦四所药学院的药学专业和药学博士专业本科生进行了横断面研究。除人口统计学信息外，该调查还评估了学生对不同职业选择的态度、职业选择偏好以及不同因素如何影响这一选择。采用曼-惠特尼U检验、卡方检验、弗里德曼检验、威尔科克森检验和多变量线性回归分析数据。
结果
共有354名药学专业和药学博士专业本科生完成了调查。医疗覆盖和保险是影响学生职业选择的最重要变量。总样本中最受欢迎的职业选择是学术和研究中心（均值=2.57），其次是制药公司（均值=2.38）、医院药房（均值=2.36）、行业（均值=1.79），最后是零售或社区药房（均值=1.78）。男性对制药公司职业选择的好感度得分显著高于女性。药学博士专业学生对医院药房的态度明显比药学专业学生更积极，而药学专业学生对零售或社区药房以及行业的态度明显比药学博士专业学生更积极。
结论
本研究提供了必要的基线数据，以便教育机构制定策略，通过纳入不同的课程和讲座来扩展药学专业学生的能力以满足不同市场部门的要求，并改变他们对不同药学领域的观念。
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