Kellner R, Schneider-Braus K
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1988 May;10(3):157-62. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(88)90014-x.
The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of patients perceived by general physicians as hypochondriacal. The authors requested physicians at a general hospital to refer patients for a study of hypochondriasis. In order to measure depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms, the authors administered several rating and self-rating scales, and to measure hypochondriacal attitudes they administered the Illness Attitude Scales (IAS) and the Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ). The referred patients (N = 29) had more psychiatric disorders, were more depressed and more anxious, and had more severe somatic symptoms than matched medical patients who had not been referred. Self-rated hypochondriacal fears and beliefs did not differ significantly between the groups. Five of the referred patients (17%) whose initial diagnosis was hypochondriasis were subsequently found to have physical diseases that accounted for their symptoms. The implications of these findings for treatment are discussed.
本研究的目的是调查被普通内科医生视为疑病症患者的特征。作者要求一家综合医院的医生推荐患者参与一项关于疑病症的研究。为了测量抑郁、焦虑和躯体症状，作者使用了几种评定量表和自评量表，为了测量疑病态度，他们使用了疾病态度量表（IAS）和疾病行为问卷（IBQ）。与未被推荐的匹配内科患者相比，被推荐的患者（N = 29）患有更多的精神障碍，更抑郁、更焦虑，且有更严重的躯体症状。两组之间自评的疑病恐惧和信念没有显著差异。最初诊断为疑病症的5名被推荐患者（17%）随后被发现患有可解释其症状的躯体疾病。文中讨论了这些发现对治疗的意义。
