Wang Ji-Rui, Tan Jun, Li Long-Yun, Song Xu-Hong, Ding Gang, Shang Fang-Hong
Third-Class Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry,National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resources,Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica Chongqing 400065,China Chongqing Sub-center of National Resources Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Chongqing 400065,China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2021 Mar;46(6):1401-1409. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20201216.301.
To investigate the effects of six common drying methods on the quality of different specifications of Sophorae Flos, in order to select their suitable drying methods. According to appearance and morphology, Sophorae Flos was divided into the following three specifications: flower bud type(HL), half-open type(BK) and blooming type(SK). All specifications of samples were treated with shade-drying method(25 ℃, natural temperature), sun-drying method, hot-air-drying method(60, 105 ℃), and drying method(60 ℃) after steaming. The contents of total flavonoids, rutin, narcissus, quercetin, isorhamnetin, and Fe~(3+) reducing ability, DPPH free radical scavenging ability, ABTS free radical scavenging ability and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching(FRAP) were detected by UV, HPLC and colorimetry, respectively. Principal component analysis(PCA), cluster analysis(CA) and correlation analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of samples. According to the results, there were significant differences in the effect of drying methods on different specifications of samples. The drying method(60 ℃) after steaming was suitable for HL and BK, while the hot-air-drying method(60 ℃) was suitable for SK. When the fresh medicinal materials could not be treated in time, they should be spread out in a cool and ventilated place. Under high and low temperature conditions, the quality of three specifications of Sophorae Flos would be reduced. The hot-air-drying method(105 ℃) and shade-drying method(25 ℃) were not suitable for the treatment of fresh flowers and flower buds of Sophora japonicus. There were obviously differences of chemical compositions and antioxidant activities among the three specifications of samples. Therefore, the specifications of medicinal materials should be controlled to ensure the uniform quality. The study provided the abundant data reference for the selection of appropriate drying methods for the three specifications of Sophorae Flos, and useful exploration for the classification and processing of medicinal materials of flowers.
考察6种常用干燥方法对不同规格槐花质量的影响，以筛选适宜的干燥方法。依据外观形态，将槐花分为以下3种规格：花蕾型（HL）、半开放型（BK）和盛开型（SK）。各规格样品分别采用阴干法（25℃，自然温度）、晒干法、热风干燥法（60、105℃）及蒸后干燥法（60℃）进行处理。分别采用紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法及比色法检测总黄酮、芦丁、水仙苷、槲皮素、异鼠李素含量及Fe³⁺还原能力、DPPH自由基清除能力、ABTS自由基清除能力和荧光漂白后恢复（FRAP）值。运用主成分分析（PCA）、聚类分析（CA）及相关性分析综合评价样品质量。结果表明，干燥方法对不同规格样品的影响存在显著差异。蒸后干燥法（60℃）适用于HL和BK，热风干燥法（60℃）适用于SK。鲜药材若不能及时处理，应摊晾于阴凉通风处。在高低温条件下，3种规格槐花的质量均会降低。热风干燥法（105℃）和阴干法（25℃）不适用于槐花鲜花及花蕾的处理。3种规格样品的化学成分及抗氧化活性存在明显差异。因此，应控制药材规格以确保质量均匀一致。本研究为3种规格槐花适宜干燥方法的筛选提供了丰富的数据参考，为花类药材的分类及加工提供了有益探索。
