Brabender V
Friends Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19124.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1988 May;39(5):542-5. doi: 10.1176/ps.39.5.542.
Cohesiveness, an essential element in successful therapy groups, is difficult to establish and maintain in inpatient settings where group membership is constantly changing. Cohesiveness can be increased by the use of a closed group model, in which all members begin the group on a specified day and remain in the group for a predetermined number of sessions. Such groups must work through four developmental phases. The first phase, in which group members overidentify with the problems of other members, is followed by a phase characterized by disenchantment with the group. In the third phase members seek to achieve both independence and intimacy simultaneously, and the final phase involves separation from the group. According to the author, the primary disadvantage of closed therapy groups is that they can be used only in certain settings.
凝聚力是成功治疗小组的一个关键要素，在住院环境中很难建立和维持，因为小组成员不断变化。采用封闭小组模式可以增强凝聚力，即所有成员在特定日期开始参加小组，并在预定的疗程内留在小组。这样的小组必须经历四个发展阶段。第一阶段，小组成员过度认同其他成员的问题，随后是一个对小组感到失望的阶段。在第三阶段，成员们试图同时实现独立和亲密，最后一个阶段是与小组分离。据作者称，封闭式治疗小组的主要缺点是它们只能在某些环境中使用。
