Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School Of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Apr 2;100(13):e25407. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025407.
The Griffiths Mental Development Scale-Chinese (GDS-C) is used in China to assess the development of children from birth to 8 years of age. Language disorders are a common symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and global developmental delay (GDD)/intellectual disability (ID). There is a need to identify distinct clinical characteristics in children suspected of having these 2 disorders, mainly presenting as language disorders. Here, we aimed to use the GDS-C to evaluate children presenting with language problems to identify characteristics that distinguish ASD and GDD/ID. Children with language problems were recruited between August 2018 and December 2019. A total of 150 children aged 25 to 95.2 months were enrolled (50 in the ASD group, 50 in the GDD/ID group, and 50 in the typical group). Each group was subdivided by age as follows: 24-36 months, >36-60 months, and >60-96 months. Developmental characteristics assessed using the GDS-C were analyzed and compared. Both, children with ASD and GDD/ID presented with a lower developmental level than typical children in all six subscales of the GDS-C. No significant differences were observed in the six subscale scores between the ASD and GDD/ID groups, except for the practical reasoning subscale score in the >36 to 60 months subgroups, which was significantly lower in the GDD/ID group than in the ASD group. The developmental imbalance of subscales within the ASD and GDD/ID groups identified troughs in the personal-social, language, and practical reasoning areas in children with ASD and in the language and practical reasoning areas in children with GDD/ID relative to typical children. The GDS-C is a useful, comprehensive tool for the assessment of the developmental state of children with ASD and GDD/ID. Characteristics of practical reasoning subscale help diagnose autism in >36 to 60 months old children.
《格里菲斯发育量表-中文版》（GDS-C）在中国用于评估 0-8 岁儿童的发育情况。语言障碍是自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和全面发育迟缓（GDD）/智力残疾（ID）的常见症状。需要识别出患有这两种疾病的儿童的独特临床特征，这些儿童主要表现为语言障碍。在这里，我们旨在使用 GDS-C 评估有语言问题的儿童，以确定区分 ASD 和 GDD/ID 的特征。招募了有语言问题的儿童，时间为 2018 年 8 月至 2019 年 12 月。共纳入 150 名 25 至 95.2 个月龄的儿童（ASD 组 50 名，GDD/ID 组 50 名，典型组 50 名）。每组按年龄分为以下亚组：24-36 个月、36-60 个月和>60-96 个月。分析并比较了使用 GDS-C 评估的发育特征。在 GDS-C 的所有六个分量表中，ASD 和 GDD/ID 患儿的发育水平均低于典型儿童。除了>36-60 个月亚组的实用推理分量表评分外，ASD 和 GDD/ID 组之间的六个分量表评分没有显著差异，GDD/ID 组的评分明显低于 ASD 组。在 ASD 和 GDD/ID 组中，通过 GDS-C 发现，亚组在个人-社会、语言和实用推理领域的发育不平衡，而 ASD 儿童在语言和实用推理领域的发育不平衡，GDD/ID 儿童相对于典型儿童。GDS-C 是评估 ASD 和 GDD/ID 儿童发育状况的一种有用的、全面的工具。实用推理分量表的特征有助于诊断>36-60 个月儿童的自闭症。
