Ajisha M, Shaima T C, Menon Soumya V, Kunhi A A Mohammad
SIAS-Centre for Scientific Research, SAFI Institute of Advanced Study (Affiliated to University of Calicut), Rasiya Nagar, Vazhayoor East P.O., Malappuram, Kerala, 673 633, India.
Ayesha Cottage, Door # 6/170, Ashok Nagar, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671 121, India.
Curr Microbiol. 2021 May;78(5):1892-1902. doi: 10.1007/s00284-021-02438-4. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
Cresols are ubiquitous in nature due to their bulk production and end uses in various industrial processes as well as due to their natural presence. They are highly toxic to both fauna and flora and are included in the list of priority pollutants. In the present study, the effect of m-cresol on germination of ten different crop seeds was tested and the seeds of okra and eggplant were found to be very sensitive, okra being the most vulnerable. Okra seeds lost its viability in the presence of m-cresol, which was proportionate to its concentration as indicated by the standard 2,3,5-tetrazoliumtrichloride (TTC) test. Marked decrease in protease and amylase activities was observed in germinating seeds exposed to the compound. The inhibitory effect of m-cresol on germination was eliminated effectively by bioaugmentation of the soil with the cresol-degrading Pseudomonas monteilii S-CSR-0014. Normal germination and seedling vigor were obtained when the seeds were sown four and eight days after the soil inoculation with the bacterial cells, whereas the seeds sown immediately did not show proper germination. The inoculated bacterium degraded m-cresol efficiently from the spiked soil and exhibited concomitant growth. It can be concluded that m-cresol-contaminated soils could be effectively bioremediated to render the soil suitable for normal seed germination and healthy seedling growth of sensitive crops.
由于甲酚在各种工业生产过程中的大量生产和最终用途，以及其天然存在，所以它在自然界中广泛存在。甲酚对动植物都具有高毒性，并且被列入优先污染物名单。在本研究中，测试了间甲酚对十种不同作物种子萌发的影响，发现秋葵和茄子种子非常敏感，秋葵最为脆弱。在间甲酚存在的情况下，秋葵种子失去活力，这与标准的2,3,5 - 氯化三苯基四氮唑（TTC）测试所表明的其浓度成正比。在接触该化合物的萌发种子中观察到蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性显著下降。通过用降解甲酚的蒙氏假单胞菌S - CSR - 0014对土壤进行生物强化，有效地消除了间甲酚对萌发的抑制作用。当在土壤接种细菌细胞后四天和八天播种种子时，获得了正常的萌发和幼苗活力，而立即播种的种子没有表现出正常的萌发。接种的细菌有效地降解了加标土壤中的间甲酚，并呈现出相应的生长。可以得出结论，受间甲酚污染的土壤可以通过生物修复有效地使其适合敏感作物的正常种子萌发和健康幼苗生长。
