Krishnan Shainy Nhattuketty, Nayarisseri Anuraj, Rajamanickam Usha
Department of Microbiology, Karpagam academy of higher education, Eachinary, Coimbatore- 641 021.
Department of Microbiology, Safi center for scientific research, Vazhayoor East, Malappuram - 673 633.
Bioinformation. 2018 Jun 30;14(6):271-278. doi: 10.6026/97320630014271. eCollection 2018.
Cresols are ubiquitous due to industrial production and natural presence. o-cresol (2-methyl phenol) is highly toxic to both fauna and flora. It has been included in the EPA list as one of the priority pollutants. The deleterious effects of pesticides, herbicides, and many other chemical compounds on seed germination are known. However, the effect of o-cresol on seed germination is not known. Therefore, it is of interest to study the effect of o-cresol on germination of 13 different vegetable crop seeds using standard Filter Paper Method. There is no effect on germination for brinjal, red chili, and (green gram, chickpea, cucumber, tomato, fenugreek, cowpea, Green pea, coriander, and spinach, seeds even at 1500 mg/l of o-cresol However, okra and mustard were found to be sensitive to ocresol. Germination of mustard under controlled concentration of o-cresol showed similar results by soil method. It was found that germination percentage and seedling vigour (Vigour Index) was reduced by o-cresol. The percent germination was reduced to 64 and 12 at 25 and 50 mg o-cresol/kg soil as against 100% in the case of untreated control. The vigour index was reduced to 160 and 10, respectively as against of 646 that for the control. The viability of seeds by 2,3,5 - tetrazolium trichloride (TTC) test showed that a considerable reduction was observed at 200mg/l o-cresol. Reduced protease and amylase activity in o-cresol shows inhibited mustard generation. However, mustard generation inhibition was restored by the bioremediation of o-cresol using Pseudomonas monteilii SHY. Thus, the biodegradation effects of o-cresol by Pseudomonas monteilii SHY on mustard seed germination are shown.
由于工业生产和自然存在，甲酚无处不在。邻甲酚（2-甲基苯酚）对动植物都具有高毒性。它已被列入美国环境保护局（EPA）的优先污染物名单。农药、除草剂和许多其他化合物对种子萌发的有害影响是已知的。然而，邻甲酚对种子萌发的影响尚不清楚。因此，使用标准滤纸法研究邻甲酚对13种不同蔬菜作物种子萌发的影响具有重要意义。即使在1500毫克/升的邻甲酚浓度下，茄子、红辣椒以及绿豆、鹰嘴豆、黄瓜、番茄、葫芦巴、豇豆、青豆、香菜和菠菜的种子萌发也没有受到影响。然而，秋葵和芥菜被发现对邻甲酚敏感。通过土壤法在受控邻甲酚浓度下芥菜的萌发显示出类似的结果。研究发现，邻甲酚降低了发芽率和幼苗活力（活力指数）。在25和50毫克邻甲酚/千克土壤中，发芽率分别降至64%和12%，而未处理对照的发芽率为100%。活力指数分别降至160和10，而对照为646。通过2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑（TTC）试验检测种子活力，结果表明在200毫克/升邻甲酚浓度下观察到显著降低。邻甲酚中蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性的降低表明芥菜萌发受到抑制。然而，使用蒙氏假单胞菌SHY对邻甲酚进行生物修复可恢复芥菜的萌发抑制。因此，展示了蒙氏假单胞菌SHY对邻甲酚的生物降解对芥菜种子萌发的影响。
