Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM) e Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz (HUOC) da Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE) Campus Santo Amaro, Recife. Rua Arnóbio Marques, 310 - Santo Amaro, Recife, PE, CEP: 50100-130, Brazil.
Laboratório de Ensaios Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália, km 8, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, RS, CEP: 96203-900, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Aug;28(31):41843-41850. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13650-x. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
Studies around the world have revealed reduced levels of atmospheric particulate matter in periods of greatest human mobility restriction to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to carry out a health impact assessment in Recife, Brazil, hypothesizing a scenario in which the levels of PM and PM remained, throughout the year, as in the most restrictive period of human mobility. Particular material data (PM and PM) were measured during the pandemic and population and health (mortality, hospital admissions for heart and respiratory problems) data from 2018 were used. We observed a reduction in the concentration of PM in up to 43.7% and PM up to 29.5% during the period of social isolation in the city of Recife. The reduction in PM would avoid 106 annual deaths from non-external causes and 58 annual deaths from cardiovascular diseases. In this scenario, $ 294.88 million would be saved ($ 114.88 million from heart problems and $ 180 million from non-external causes). When considering hospitalizations avoided by the decrease in PM, we observed 57 fewer hospitalizations for respiratory diseases, 42 for heart diseases and a reduction of 37 deaths due to non-external causes. The reduction in spending on respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations would exceed $ 330,000. Therefore, the reduction of particulate matter could prevent hospital admissions, deaths and consequently there would be a reduction in disease burden in developing countries where economic resources are scarce. In this sense, governments should seek to reduce levels of pollution in order to improve the life quality and health of the population.
世界各地的研究表明，在 COVID-19 大流行期间为控制 SARS-CoV-2 传播而实施的人类流动性最强限制时期，大气颗粒物水平有所降低。本研究旨在对巴西累西腓进行健康影响评估，假设全年 PM 和 PM 水平保持在人类流动性最强限制时期的水平。在大流行期间测量了特定物质数据（PM 和 PM），并使用了 2018 年的人口和健康（死亡率、因心脏和呼吸问题住院）数据。我们观察到，在累西腓市实施社会隔离期间，PM 的浓度最多降低了 43.7%，PM 降低了 29.5%。PM 的减少将避免 106 例非外部原因导致的年度死亡和 58 例心血管疾病导致的年度死亡。在这种情况下，将节省 2.9488 亿美元（1.1488 亿美元用于心脏病问题，1.80 亿美元用于非外部原因）。当考虑因 PM 减少而避免的住院时，我们观察到因呼吸系统疾病而减少了 57 次住院，因心脏病而减少了 42 次住院，因非外部原因而减少了 37 例死亡。减少呼吸道和心血管疾病住院治疗的费用将超过 33 万美元。因此，降低颗粒物浓度可以预防住院、死亡，从而减轻发展中国家经济资源匮乏的疾病负担。在这方面，各国政府应寻求降低污染水平，以提高人民的生活质量和健康水平。
