Departments of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155th Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning, China.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021 Mar 31;12(1):219. doi: 10.1186/s13287-021-02289-7.
Kidney diseases pose a threat to human health due to their rising incidence and fatality rate. In preclinical and clinical studies, it has been acknowledged that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are effective and safe when used to treat kidney diseases. MSCs play their role mainly by secreting trophic factors and delivering extracellular vesicles (EVs). The genetic materials and proteins contained in the MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs), as an important means of cellular communication, have become a research focus for targeted therapy of kidney diseases. At present, MSC-EVs have shown evident therapeutic effects on acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and atherosclerotic renovascular disease (ARVD); however, their roles in the transplanted kidney remain controversial. This review summarises the mechanisms by which MSC-EVs treat these diseases in animal models and proposes certain problems, expecting to facilitate corresponding future clinical practice.
肾脏疾病由于其发病率和死亡率的上升，对人类健康构成威胁。在临床前和临床研究中，已经认识到间充质干细胞（MSCs）在治疗肾脏疾病时是有效且安全的。MSCs 主要通过分泌营养因子和传递细胞外囊泡（EVs）发挥作用。MSC 衍生的 EVs（MSC-EVs）中包含的遗传物质和蛋白质作为细胞间通讯的重要手段，已成为肾脏疾病靶向治疗的研究热点。目前，MSC-EVs 对急性肾损伤（AKI）、慢性肾脏病（CKD）、糖尿病肾病（DN）和动脉粥样硬化性肾血管疾病（ARVD）均显示出明显的治疗效果，但它们在移植肾中的作用仍存在争议。本文综述了 MSC-EVs 在动物模型中治疗这些疾病的机制，并提出了一些问题，以期为未来的临床实践提供便利。
