Trapé Átila Alexandre, Rodrigues Jhennyfer Aline Lima, Ferezin Letícia Perticarrara, Ferrari Gustavo Duarte, Lizzi Elisangela Aparecida da Silva, de Moraes Vitor Nolasco, da Silva Roberta Fernanda, Zago Anderson Saranz, Brazo-Sayavera Javier, Bueno Júnior Carlos Roberto
Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Front Physiol. 2021 Mar 10;12:566023. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.566023. eCollection 2021.
Associations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) polymorphisms with hypertension and response to exercise training in prehypertensive and hypertensive older adult women remain unclear. This study used a multicomponent program (various capacities and motor skills) in the physical training intervention. It analyzed the influence of NOS3 polymorphisms [-786T > C, 894G > T (Glu298Asp), and intron 4b/a] on the response of blood pressure (BP), nitrite concentration, and physical fitness in older adult women. Fifty-two participants aged between 50 and 80 underwent body mass index, BP, 6-min walk, elbow flexion, and sit and stand-up tests to assess physical fitness. The intervention duration was 12 weeks, twice a week, on non-consecutive days. Each session lasted 90 min, maintaining an intensity between 13 (moderate) and 15 (intense), controlled by the Subjective Effort Perception Scale. Plasma/blood samples were collected to assess nitrite concentration and genotyping. The statistical analysis included Fisher's exact test and linear mixed-effects models. The multicomponent training's positive effect was observed with a similar response in both prehypertensive and hypertensive groups. However, carriers of different genotypes demonstrated different responses to training: the decreases in systolic and diastolic BP and increases in nitrite expected from the physical training were smaller in variant genotype than ancestral genotype carriers, especially in the hypertensive group. At positions -786T > C and Glu298Asp, only the ancestral genotypes showed a decrease in diastolic BP (Δ% = -8.1, and Δ% = -6.5, respectively) and an increase on nitrite (Δ% = 19.1, and Δ% = 24.1, respectively) in the hypertensive group. Our results show that the benefits of a multicomponent training intervention seem to be genotype-dependent. It should be possible to consider genetic variants when selecting an exercise treatment intervention.
内皮型一氧化氮合酶（NOS3）基因多态性与高血压前期和高血压老年女性的高血压及运动训练反应之间的关联尚不清楚。本研究在体育锻炼干预中采用了多组分方案（各种能力和运动技能）。它分析了NOS3基因多态性[-786T>C、894G>T（Glu298Asp）和内含子4b/a]对老年女性血压（BP）反应、亚硝酸盐浓度和体能的影响。52名年龄在50至80岁之间的参与者进行了体重指数、血压、6分钟步行、肘部屈曲以及坐立测试，以评估体能。干预持续时间为12周，每周两次，非连续进行。每次训练持续90分钟，强度维持在13（中等）至15（高强度）之间，由主观努力感知量表控制。采集血浆/血液样本以评估亚硝酸盐浓度和基因分型。统计分析包括Fisher精确检验和线性混合效应模型。在高血压前期和高血压组中均观察到多组分训练的积极效果，且反应相似。然而，不同基因型的携带者对训练表现出不同的反应：与野生型基因型携带者相比，变异基因型携带者在体育锻炼中预期的收缩压和舒张压降低以及亚硝酸盐增加幅度较小，尤其是在高血压组中。在-786T>C和Glu298Asp位点，只有野生型基因型在高血压组中显示出舒张压降低（分别为Δ%=-8.1和Δ%=-6.5）以及亚硝酸盐增加（分别为Δ%=19.1和Δ%=24.1）。我们的结果表明，多组分训练干预的益处似乎取决于基因型。在选择运动治疗干预措施时，考虑基因变异应该是可行的。
