Figuereo Victor, Calvo Rocío
Boston University Center for Innovation in Social Work and Health, Crosstown Center, 3rd Floor 801 Massachusetts Ave, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
School of Social Work, Boston College, McGuinn Hall 304, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA, 02467, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2022 Jun;9(3):865-873. doi: 10.1007/s40615-021-01026-3. Epub 2021 Mar 31.
This study investigated the relationship between race and psychological distress among Latinxs in the United States. Using data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2010-2018, we estimated the relative risk ratios (RRR) of experiencing psychological distress among White, Black and Other Latinxs from Mexico, Cuba, Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico. Results revealed that Black Latinxs experienced higher levels of psychological distress than their White counterparts. Additional analysis among and within groups showed that Puerto Ricans and Dominicans reported higher psychological distress than Mexicans, and that race was associated with the distress of Cubans and Mexicans, but not with the distress of Puerto Ricans and Dominicans. Future work on the effect of racial self-identification on Latinxs' mental health-related outcomes, such as psychological distress, should include multidimensional measures of racial identity, such as self-reported and ascribed race, racial ideology, as well as measures of skin color and discrimination. Integrating racialization experiences during clinical assessments would help practitioners to gain a more comprehensive picture of how these identities and experiences may shape the stress, distress, and mental health outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety) of different racial and ethnic Latinx groups in the U.S.
本研究调查了美国拉丁裔群体中种族与心理困扰之间的关系。利用2010 - 2018年美国国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）的数据，我们估算了来自墨西哥、古巴、多米尼加共和国和波多黎各的白人、黑人及其他拉丁裔群体经历心理困扰的相对风险比率（RRR）。结果显示，黑人拉丁裔比白人拉丁裔经历更高水平的心理困扰。群体间和群体内的进一步分析表明，波多黎各人和多米尼加人报告的心理困扰程度高于墨西哥人，而且种族与古巴人和墨西哥人的心理困扰有关，但与波多黎各人和多米尼加人的心理困扰无关。未来关于种族自我认同对拉丁裔心理健康相关结果（如心理困扰）影响的研究，应纳入种族认同的多维度测量，如自我报告的种族和归因种族、种族意识形态，以及肤色和歧视的测量。在临床评估中纳入种族化经历，将有助于从业者更全面地了解这些身份和经历如何塑造美国不同种族和族裔拉丁裔群体的压力、困扰及心理健康结果（如抑郁、焦虑）。
