Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Plant Physiol. 2021 Apr 23;185(4):1500-1522. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa119.
Photosynthesis is not only essential for plants, but it also sustains life on Earth. Phytohormones play crucial roles in developmental processes, from organ initiation to senescence, due to their role as growth and developmental regulators, as well as their central role in the regulation of photosynthesis. Furthermore, phytohormones play a major role in photoprotection of the photosynthetic apparatus under stress conditions. Here, in addition to discussing our current knowledge on the role of the phytohormones auxin, cytokinins, gibberellins, and strigolactones in promoting photosynthesis, we will also highlight the role of abscisic acid beyond stomatal closure in modulating photosynthesis and photoprotection under various stress conditions through crosstalk with ethylene, salicylates, jasmonates, and brassinosteroids. Furthermore, the role of phytohormones in controlling the production and scavenging of photosynthesis-derived reactive oxygen species, the duration and extent of photo-oxidative stress and redox signaling under stress conditions will be discussed in detail. Hormones have a significant impact on the regulation of photosynthetic processes in plants under both optimal and stress conditions, with hormonal interactions, complementation, and crosstalk being important in the spatiotemporal and integrative regulation of photosynthetic processes during organ development at the whole-plant level.
光合作用不仅对植物至关重要，而且对地球上的生命也起着维持作用。由于植物激素作为生长和发育调节剂的作用，以及它们在光合作用调控中的核心作用，它们在发育过程中从器官起始到衰老都起着至关重要的作用。此外，植物激素在应激条件下对光合器官的光保护中也起着重要作用。在这里，除了讨论我们目前对生长素、细胞分裂素、赤霉素和独脚金内酯促进光合作用作用的认识外，我们还将强调在与乙烯、水杨酸、茉莉酸和油菜素内酯的相互作用下，通过气孔关闭以外的途径调节光合作用和光保护的脱落酸在各种胁迫条件下的作用。此外，还将详细讨论植物激素在控制光合作用产生和清除活性氧、在胁迫条件下光氧化应激的持续时间和程度以及氧化还原信号传导中的作用。激素对植物在最佳和胁迫条件下的光合作用过程具有重要的调节作用，激素相互作用、互补和串扰在器官发育的整个植物水平上对光合作用过程的时空和综合调节具有重要意义。
